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120: > Chpt 21: senses > Flashcards

Chpt 21: senses Flashcards

(75 cards)

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1
Q

olfactory receptors function

A
  • detects smell and becomes the olfactory nerve (CN1)
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2
Q

function of supporting cells in taste and smell

A

protect, nourish, insulate receptor cell

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3
Q

which cells replace worn out/ damaged receptor cells (olfaction and taste)

A

basal cells

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4
Q

olfactory (bowman’s) gland

A
  • produces mucous
  • moistens
  • dissolves odor
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5
Q

olfactory pathway

A

olfactory receptor -> olfactory nerve (CN1) -> olfactory bulbs -> olfactory tracts -> cerebral cortex -> primary olfactory area, limbic sys, hypothalamus, orbitofrontal lobe

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6
Q

where is smell perceived

A

primary olfactory area

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7
Q

limbic sys + hypothalamus x smell, function

A

behavioral response

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8
Q

where is the type of odor identified

A

orbitofrontal lobe in frontal lobe

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9
Q

location of taste buds

A
  • pharynx
  • cheek
  • tongue
  • epiglottis
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10
Q

which taste buds/ papillae are involved in taste

A

vallate

fungiform

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11
Q

is foliate and filiform involved in taste

A

no

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12
Q

which nerves are involved in taste

A

vagus nerve (CN 10), facial nerve (CN 7), glassopharyngeal ( CN9)

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13
Q

where does the ni travel to after the CNs (taste)

A

gustatory nucelli (MO) -> thalamus (insula -> primary gustatory area), limbic sys, hypothalamus, frontal lobe

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14
Q

where is taste perceived

A

primary gustatory area

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15
Q

which syss cause behavioral responses for taste

A
  • limbic sys

- hypothalamus

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16
Q

front lobe + taste

A

taste discriminations

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17
Q

eyelids are aka

A

palpebrae

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18
Q

function of accessory eye structures

A

protect and cushion the eye

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19
Q

lacrimal curunicle, accessory eye structure

A

has glands

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20
Q

what is the space between eyelids called

A
  • palpebral fissure
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21
Q

what muscle causes a weak twitch in the eye

A

levator palpebral superiors muscle

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22
Q

function of tarsal plate

A

support eyelids and prevents sticking

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23
Q

name of thin protective mucous membrane

A

conjunctiva

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24
Q

lacrimal gland function

A

produce tears

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25
structures part of the fibrous tunica
- sclera - cornea - sclera venous sinus
26
which fibrous tunica structure supports, protects, shapes the eye and provides muscles attachment
sclera
27
cornea structure and function
- avascular | - transfers + refracts light on eye
28
what fibrous tunica structure picks up metabolic waste anteriorly
sclera venous sinus
29
- choroid - ciliary body/ process - iris - pupil - lens what tunic do they belong to
vascular tunic
30
choroid structure
- vascular | - melanocytes
31
which vascular tunic structure produces aq humor
ciliary process
32
does the ciliary body contain melanocytes
yes
33
which vascular tunic structures gives the colour of the eye
iris
34
pupil structure
- opening in center of iris
35
what vascular tunic structure regulates light coming in that falls on lens
pupil
36
lens structure
made by crystallin
37
inner tunic structure
retina
38
what structure forms the connection b/w the eye and brain
retina
39
which inner tunic structure is the blind spot
optic disc, no photoreceptors
40
location of bv, nerves and optic nerve (CN2) in the retina
optic disc
41
fovea centralis and macula lutea function and structure
sharp coloured image, NO RODS, CONES ONLY
42
structures in the anterior chamber
- cornea - iris - aq humour
43
aq humour function
lubricates cornea
44
- lens - vitreous humor belong to
posterior chamber
45
what reflects and transfers light on retina
vitreous humor
46
order that nerve impulses pass through the retina
photoreceptors -> bipolar layers -> ganglion layers -> optic nerve ( CN 2)
47
visual pathway
bipolar cells -> optic nerve ( CN2) -> optic chaism -> optic tract -> lateral geniculate in thalamus -> primary visual area -> superior colliculi, pretecal nuclei
48
where do visual reflexes occur in the frontal lobe
superior colliculi
49
function of pretecal nuclei
provides accommodation of reflexes
50
function of external ear
collect sound
51
structures of external ear
- auricle (pinna) - external auditory canal - tympanic mem (eardrum)
52
- malleus, incus, staples - Eustachian tube belong to ....
the middle ear
53
function of ossicles
convert sound waves into vibration
54
which structure connects the ear to throat
- Eustachian tube
55
which part of the ear is fluid filled
inner ear
56
function of inner ear
convert sound waves to ap
57
location of perilymph
- bony labyrinth ( scala tympani and scala vestibuli)
58
what type of fluid is found in the scala media / membranous labyrinth
endolymph
59
organ of corti location
- cochlear duct / scala media / membranous labyrinth
60
which inner ear structure contains hair cells
organ of corti
61
which hair cells conduct ap and are a part of the vestibiocochlear nerve (CN 8)
inner hair sells
62
what are the receptors for hearing
hair cells
63
outer hair cells are embedded in
tectorial membrane
64
auditory pathway
spiral ganglia -> cochlear nerve -> lateral teminsicles -> inferior colliculus -> superior olivary nucleus -> medial geniculate nucleus in thalamus -> primary auditory area
65
which CN takes the hearing ni to he brain
vestibiocochlear nerve (CN 8)
66
structures in the inner ear
- cochlear - semicircular canals - vestibular apparatus ( utricle and saccule)
67
what ear structure is responsible for static/ linear equilibrium?
macula in the utricle and saccule
68
what ear structure is responsible for static/ linear equilibrium?
macula aka hair cells in the utricle and saccule
69
how/ when does balanced movement occur
otoliths + hair cells touching
70
function of semi- circular ducts/ ampula
allow dynamic/ rotation equilibrium
71
what structure has hair cells in the semicircular canals
ampula
72
what is responsible for detecting movement in the semicircular canals
hair cells of crista + cupola
73
what is the cupula surrounded by in the semicircular canals
endolymph
74
how is ap generated with hearing
hair cells bending
75
function of pigmented layer of the retina
helps absorb stray light rays

120: (15 decks)

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