Chpt. 4

Question 1

indicates the shape of an orbital

Answer 1

angular momentum quantum number

Question 2

all the various kinds of electromagnetic radiation arranged in order of increasing wavelength or frequency

Answer 2

electromagnetic spectrum

Question 3

SI unit of energy

Answer 3

joules

Question 4

arrangement of electron in an atom

Answer 4

electron configuration

Question 5

proposed the idea that when we detect electrons with photons we knock the electrons off course

Answer 5

Werner Heisenberg

Question 6

refers to the eight outer shell electrons that result in noble gas stability

Answer 6

octet

Question 7

that portion of electromagnetic radiation that affects the human eye

Answer 7

visible light

Question 8

electrons that are not in the highest occupied energy level

Answer 8

inner shell electrons

Question 9

series of spectrum lines in hydrogen caused as electrons drop from upper energy levels into the second energy level

Answer 9

Balmer series

Question 10

electromagnetic radiation slightly shorter than violet visible light; causes sun tan, may cause skin cancer

Answer 10

ultraviolet

Question 11

number written above a symbol

Answer 11

superscript

Question 12

occurs when waves overlap to reduce energy in some areas and increase energy in others

Answer 12

interference

Question 13

SI unit of frequency equal to one wavelength per second

Answer 13

Hertz

Question 14

a ‘particle’ of light

Answer 14

photon

Question 15

three dimensional region around a nucleus that indicates the probable location of an electron

Answer 15

orbital

Question 16

an abbreviated form of electron configuration specifying the arrangements of only the electrons in the outer shells

Answer 16

noble gas notation

Question 17

published the firs periodic table of elements

Answer 17

Dmitri Mendeleev

Question 18

allowed paths for an electron in the Bohr model of the atom

Answer 18

orbitals

Question 19

first isolated and named argon

Answer 19

William Ramsay

Question 20

electrode in a photo tube connected to the positive o the voltage source

Answer 20

anode

Question 21

orbitals of different shapes within a main energy level

Answer 21

sublevels

Question 22

mathematical description of the wave properties of electrons and other very small particles

Answer 22

quantum theory

Question 23

specify the properties of atomic orbitals and the properties of electrons in those orbitals

Answer 23

quantum numbers

Question 24

short energetic electromagnetic radiations used to ‘see’ inside normally opaque objects

Answer 24

x-ray

Question 25

number of waves that pass a given point in a specific time

Answer 25

frequency

Question 26

distance between corresponding points on adjacent waves

Answer 26

wavelength

Question 27

dense central core of an atom

Answer 27

nucleus

Question 28

electromagnetic radiation slightly longer than visible light; eat waves

Answer 28

infrared

Question 29

Group 18 of the modern Periodic Table; family known for chemical underactivity

Answer 29

noble gases

Question 30

an electron occupies the lowest energy orbital that can receive it

Answer 30

Aufbau principle

Question 31

lowest energy arrangement of electrons for each element

Answer 31

ground state electron configuration

Question 32

characteristic bands of light given off by excited atoms of an element

Answer 32

line emission spectrum

Question 33

idea that an atom has a tiny, dense, positively charged nucleus and much empty space

Answer 33

Rutherford model

Question 34

representing unoccupied orbitals by horizontal lines, electrons in the orbitals with arrows

Answer 34

orbital notation

Question 35

system of denoting an noting an electron configuration we are using if we say the outer electron in boron in 2p1

Answer 35

electron configuration notation

Question 36

form of energy that exhibits wavelike behavior as it travels through space

Answer 36

electromagnetic radiation

Question 37

idea that electromagnetic radiations and electrons can exhibit both wavelike and particle-like properties

Answer 37

dual nature

Question 38

negatively charged particle found outside the nucleus of atoms

Answer 38

electron

Question 39

developed an equation that treated electrons in atoms as waves

Answer 39

Erwin Schrodinger

Question 40

electrode in a photo tube connected to the negative of the voltage source

Answer 40

cathode

Question 41

long wavelength electromagnetic radiations used primarily in communications

Answer 41

radio waves

Question 42

condition in which an atom has a higher potential energy that normal

Answer 42

excited state

Question 43

electron containing main energy level with the highest principle quantum number

Answer 43

highest occupied level

Question 44

mathematical relationship in which, as one quantity gets larger, a second dependent quantity gets smaller

Answer 44

inversely proportional

Question 45

indicates the two fundamental spin states of an electron in an orbital

Answer 45

spin quantum number

Question 46

extremely stable arrangement of electrons with 2 in s sublevel and 6 in p sublevel of any principle energy level

Answer 46

noble gas configuration

Question 47

French scientist who first proposed that electrons have the same dual wave-particle nature that light has

Answer 47

Louis De Broglie

Question 48

German physicist who first introduced the idea that electromagnetic radiation has a dual wave-particle nature

Answer 48

Albert Einstein

Question 49

indicates the main energy level occupied by the electron

Answer 49

principle quantum number

Question 50

worked with Ramsay to identify neo, krypton, and xenon

Answer 50

Morris Travers

Question 51

discovered the element radon to complete the Noble Gas family of elements

Answer 51

Friedrich Dorn

Question 52

means 'idle'; refers to an element that forms very few, if any, compounds

Answer 52

inert

Question 53

it is impossible to determine simultaneous both the position and velocity of an electron or any other particle

Answer 53

Heisenberg uncertainty principle

Question 54

British physicist who first notices a difference between samples of nitrogen prepared chemically and nitrogen isolated from air

Answer 54

Lord Rayleigh

Question 55

lowest energy state of an atom

Answer 55

ground state

Question 56

early pioneer in the study of electromagnetic radiation for whom the SI unit off frequency is named

Answer 56

Heinrich Hertz

Question 57

emission of electrons from metal when light shines on a metal

Answer 57

photoelectric effect

Question 58

German physicist who proposed that hot objects emit energy in small specific amounts called quanta

Answer 58

Max Planck

Question 59

orientation of an orbital around the nucleus

Answer 59

magnetic quantum number

Question 60

minimum quantity of energy that can be lost or gained by an atom

Answer 60

quantum

Question 61

bending of a wave as it passes by the edge of an object

Answer 61

diffraction

Question 62

long wavelength electromagnetic radiations used in fast cooking and television transmission

Answer 62

microwave

Question 63

series of hydrogen spectrum lines formed when electrons drop from higher energy levels into the third energy level

Answer 63

Paschen series

Question 64

fundamental physical constant that related the energy and frequency of electromagnetic radiation

Answer 64

Plank's Constant

Question 65

likelihood of something occurring

Answer 65

probability

Question 66

series of spectrum lines in hydrogen caused as electrons drop from higher energy levels into the first energy level

Answer 66

Lyman series

Question 67

no two electrons in the same atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers

Answer 67

Pauli Exclusion Principle

Question 68

Orbitals of equal energy are each occupied by one electron before any orbital is occupied by a second electron, and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals must have the same spin

Answer 68

Hund's rule

Question 69

proposed a model of the hydrogen atom that linked the atom's electron to photon emissions

Answer 69

Neil's Bohr

Question 70

name sometimes given to the principle energy level of an electron

Answer 70

shell