Chptr 3- Apparatus saftey & Operating Emergency Vehicle Flashcards
(129 cards)
1
Q
NFPA 1002
A
Standard for fire apparatus driver/operator professional qualifications
2
Q
Always travel on this lane when in multi lane roadways
A
Innermost lane (fast lane)
3
Q
Distance the vehicle travels from the time the brakes are applied until it comes to a complete stop.
A
Braking distance
4
Q
Sum of the driver reaction distance and the vehicle braking distance
A
Total stopping distance
5
Q
Distance a vehicle travels while a driver transfers a foot from the accelerator to the brake pedal after perceiving the need for stopping.
A
Reaction distance
6
Q
An uncontrolled slide across a surface in a wheeled vehicle
A
Skid
7
Q
These systems minimize the chance of a vehicle skidding when the brakes are applied forcefully
A
Antilock braking system
8
Q
This standard requires that all apparatus with a GVWR of 36,000lbs or greater be equipped with an auxiliary braking system.
A
NFPA 1901
9
Q
This brake device is any device that uses the engine and transmission to impede the forward motion of the motor vehicle ny compression of the engine.
A
Engine compression brake
10
Q
Sound this many short blasts of the horn immediately before backing the apparatus
A
Two
11
Q
A back up spotter stands this far away from the vehicle backing up
A
8-10 ft
12
Q
Best side for a spotter is on the _____ side of the apparatus
A
Drivers
13
Q
Standard for a fire and emergency service vehicle operations training program
A
NFPA 1451
14
Q
NFPA ____ provides specific directions on driver/operation candidates evaluation
A
1002
15
Q
Maintain vehicle speed of 5mph. At 5mph, _ feet of hose is pulled out each second
A
7
16
Q
NFPA ____ states that any equipment not needed while driving to the scene must be secured in brackets or contained in a storage cabinet.
A
1901
17
Q
High pressure hydraulic fluid at pressures as low as ___psi can penetrate skin
A
100
18
Q
NEVER attempt to remove any _____ or _______ ___ on an apparatus until making certain there is no trapped pressure.
A
Inlet, discharge cap
19
Q
ALWAYS open ______ valve before removing inlet or discharge cap
A
Drain/bleeder
20
Q
7 Common causes of collisions
A
Mechanical failure Overloading and misuse Lack of driving skill/experience Driver/operator personal readiness Improper backing Excessive speed Reckless driving (MOLDIER)
21
Q
Unless specifically exempt, fire apparatus driver/operators are subject to any ______, ____, __________, or _________ that governs any other vehicle operator.
A
Statue, rule, regulation, ordinance
22
Q
Abilities and skills driver/operators should possess
A
Reading skills Computer skills Writing Math Physical fitness Visual acuity Adequate hearing
23
Q
All riders on the apparatus must be seated within the cab or body and wearing their ____ _____ before the apparatus is put into motion.
A
Seat belts
24
Q
Types of traffic control devices
A
Signals outside of stations
Strobe light activated preemption devices
Traffic signal preemption devices
Gps based traffic signal preemption
25
Types of auxiliary braking systems
Exhaust brake
Engine compression brake
Transmission output retarder
Electromagnetic retarder
26
Some recommended backing policies
Use of 1 or more backers
Preposition lights to illuminate where backers will stand
Back the engine very slowly
Walk all the way around the engine
If possible place engine where backing is not necessary
Use back up cameras in addition to mirrors
Use portable radios if possible
Sound two short blasts of air horns prior to backing up
27
Guidelines when working on top of an apparatus
Always have a second person present
Only on surfaces with a slip resistant surface
Always maintaining three points of contact
Wear helmets
28
Standard for fire apparatus driver/operator professional qualifications
NFPA 1002
29
The safe transport of ff'ers, apparatus, and equipment to and from the scene is
The responsibly of fire apparatus driver/operators
30
Standard for fire fighter professional qualifications
NFPA 1001
31
Standard on fd occupational safety and health program
NFPA 1500
32
Standard on comprehensive occupational medical program for fd's
NFPA 1582
33
In the US, the ____ establishes the basic requirements for licensing a driver
FDOT
34
____ _________ ________________ must always exercise care for the safety of ff'ers and civilians
Fire apparatus driver/operators
35
You are also subject to all traffic regulations when driving under __ _________ conditions
Non emergency
36
Driving _______ usually describe vehicles that are in the emergency category
Statues
37
An act of proceeding to do something with a conscious awareness of danger, more harsh than ordinary negligence.
"The driver/operator is not protected from the legal consequences of driving with ________ _________ fort the safety of others"
Reckless disregard
38
Breach of duty in which a person or organization fails to perform at the standard required by law.
-this is usually found when the driver/operator has been found guilty of a gross violation of standing laws, policies, or ordinances.
Negligence
39
Willful and wanton disregard.
| Driving under the influence of alcohol is not only an example of _____ _________, but reckless as well
Gross negligence
40
Driver/operators drive with ___ ______ for the safety of others using the highways
Due regard
41
The most common place for an accident to occur
At an intersection
42
Perception of ones surrounding environment and the ability to anticipate future events
Situational awareness
43
Fire apparatus collisions are grouped into 7 basic causes
```
Mechanical Failure
Overloading and misuse
Lack of driving skill/experience
Driver/operator personal readiness
Improper backing
Excessive speed
Reckless Driving
(MOLDIER)
```
44
Loss of braking function which occurs due to excessive use of the brakes
Brake fade
45
Study conducted by the society of automotive engineers, it was determined that in __% of all collisions, the driver/operator was not aware of a problem until it was too late
42
46
Standard for automotive fire apparatus
NFPA 1901
47
Standard for fd occupational safety and health program
NFPA 1500
48
Loading LDH hose while driving speed limit = _ MPH
| Only allowed to load hose while driving _______
5 mph
| Forward
49
NFPA ___ allows for a detachable seat to be placed next to the tiller operator's position in which an instructor may sit
1500
50
One of the most common causes of injury for the driver/operator is from
Slips and falls while entering/exiting the apparatus
51
The driver should first know the ___________ and _____ of travel prior to starting the apparatus
Destination, route
52
Year Diesel engines began to be equipped with DPF systems
- DPF collects soot from exhaust stream and burns them more completely.
- DPF Happens naturally when the exhaust is very hot
2007
53
Soot will burn out of the ___ naturally when exhaust is very hot. If the apparatus makes frequent short runs, or operates in very cold climates, the exhaust may never get hot enough to burn out the soot and ______ _____________ is required.
DPF
| Active regeneration
54
The ___ collects particles (soot) from the exhaust stream and burns them more completely.
DPF
55
______ ____________ can occur in two manners, automatic mode or in manual (parked) mode.
Active regeneration
56
_________ ____________ occurs when the engine load, exhaust temp, and engine speed are within an acceptable range. When these conditions are met, the engine will begin dosing fuel into the exhaust stream to raise the exhaust temp and burn off the soot
Automatic regeneration
57
______ _____________ allows the cleaning of the DPF in stationary truck operations and requires operator involvement to initiate. This can not be initiated during pumping operations.
Parked regeneration.
58
Force that tends to create a rotational or twisting motion
| Measurement of engine shaft output
Torque
59
Never ___ a Diesel engine prior to shutting it down
Rev
60
Angle formed by level ground and a line from the point where front tires touch the ground to lowest projection at front of apparatus
Angle of approach
61
Angle formed by level ground and a line from the point where the rear tires touch the ground to the lowest projections at the rear of the apparatus
Angle of departure
62
Angle formed by level ground and a line from point where rear tires touch ground to the bottom of frame at the wheel base midpoint
Break over angle
63
Axel weight distribution
| Ensure that the axel loading is balanced within _% from side to side of the axel
7
64
______ _______ occurs when the throttle is applied when a manual transmission is in too high a gear for the demand of the engine
Engine lugging
65
Process of injecting or supplying the Diesel engine with more fuel than can be burned
Over-throttling
66
NFPA ____ requires a placard in every apparatus listing vehicle height and weight in feet/tons
1901
67
There are _____ locations in the U.S. where there is less than ___ft following the railroad tracks, accounting for an average of ___ accidents annually.
19,824
100
122
68
It may take _ to __ times greater distance for a vehicle to stop on snow/ice
3 to 15
69
Driver/operators must come to a complete stop at intersections controlled with a ___ ___ _____ or ___ ____.
Red traffic light
| Stop sign
70
Studies have shown that civilians respond better to ______ than change pitch.
Sounds
71
At speeds above __mph, emergency vehicles may outrun the effective range of its audible warning device
50
72
Increasing the speed of an apparatus by __ mph can decrease the audible distance by ___ feet
20, 250
73
When more than 1 emergency vehicle is responding along the same route, they should travel at least ___ to ___ feet apart
300, 500
74
_____ lights are readily visible even during daylight
White
75
According to the US Fire Administration, __ ff'ers were killed responding to or returning from emergency incidents in 2010
17
76
While driving, the driver/operator shall not operate a ______ _________.
Mobile computer
77
In some states and providences, a fire apparatus driver/operator must obtain a _________ ______ _______ in order to drive a large piece of fire apparatus
Commercial drivers license
78
All FD's must maintain and establish a thorough ________ _______ to include regularly scheduled refresher courses that maintain driver/operator skills
Training program
79
Which ability or skill is necessary to understand maps, dispatch instructions, and pre-incident plans? _______ skills
Reading Skills
80
Is is important to know ________ skills in order to access and operate mapping software and dispatch instructions
Computer skills
81
______ or _________ have latitude to alter federal requirements as necessary.
States or providences
82
Most driving regulations pertain to ___, _____ roads during ________ conditions.
Dry, clear
| Daylight
83
In some jurisdictions, _________ may exempt emergency vehicles from driving regulations that apply for the general public if they are responding to a reported emergency and using audible/visual warning devices
Statutes
84
If the driver/operator is _________ in the operation of an emergency vehicle and is involved in a collision, both the driver/operator and the jurisdiction he/she represents may be held responsible.
Negligent
85
When the driver drives with ___ _______ and is fully aware of surrounding traffic, collisions are much less likely to occur.
Due caution
86
Knowledge of local _______ ____ is also necessary for safe driving operation
Traffic laws
87
_______ accidents generally account for a significant percentage of all damage repair costs
Backing
88
_________ _____ also makes an apparatus more difficult to stop and can cause difficulties when braking
Excessive speed
89
Only effective ________ and _______ techniques can ensure maximum braking efficiency
Handling and braking
90
A ____ water tank provides better braking for the weight and subsequent road surface traction
Full
91
An apparatus with a properly baffled tank that is _________ filled may be more dangerous than a full or empty tank.
Partially
92
Several fatal fire apparatus accidents have been traced back to improperly maintained apparatus _______ _______
Braking systems
93
In most fire depts, it is a SOG to don protective gear ______ getting into the apparatus
Before
94
Conformation of wearing ____ _____ must be verified _________ before moving the vehicle.
Seat belts
| Verbally
95
Standard which provides directions on loading LDH while driving the apparatus
NFPA 1500
96
When loading fire hose, the ______ ________ to the operation must be a member, other than the driver/operator and the ff'ers loading the hose.
Safety observer
97
Ff'ers must never ride on the _______ of a moving apparatus for any reason.
Outside
98
When climbing on or off any vehicle, always' face the vehicle, maintain _ points of contact with the vehicle.
3
99
DPF indicator light illuminates when
The DPF is loading up with soot.
100
Two situations where the regeneration inhibit switch shall be on
When parked over dry grass,
| When parked over other combustible material of high risk that may start a fire w/ high exhaust temp
101
______ ____________ can not be initiated during pumping operations
Do not perform ______ ____________ when connected to the exhaust extrication system.
Parked regeneration
102
An apparatus equipped with _________ _________ ___________ will have a tank in addition to the fuel tank that must be filled with ______ _______ _____
Selective Catalyst Reductant
| Diesel Exhaust Fluid
103
Never ____ ____ an engine immediately after a full load operation or temp gauges indicate that the engine is overheated.
A hot engine should cool to normal operating temp,m usually taking _-_min of idle time.
Shut down
| 3-5min
104
A driver/operator should never attempt to shut down the engine while the apparatus is __ ______.
In motion
105
Large size of most apparatus make it imperative that driver/operators have well ________ _______
This is done anytime the driving responsibility changes from one individual to another.
Adjusted mirrors
106
Weight transfer follows the laws of _______
Inertia
107
It is unsafe and may be illegal to allow the apparatus to coast out of gear or "_________" while driving downhill
Freewheel
108
The driver/operator should turn on the apparatus ___________ as part of the emergency response.
Headlights
109
Top off the DEF tank _____ time the apparatus is fueled up
Every
110
Intersections equipped with a traffic signal preemption device will have _ inch _____ and ____ lights mounted near the regular traffic lights facing each direction of travel. This type of traffic control device is activated by sirens as it approaches intersections
3"
| White and blue
111
____________ ____ usually occurs the gas pedal is applied too quickly.
The driver wheels lose traction on the road surface.
Ease off accelerator, straighten out front wheels as the vehicle begins to respond.
Acceleration skid.
112
A ______ _____ ____ usually caused by braking too hard at high speeds.
Ease off the brake to unlock the drive wheels, and then straighten the steer wheels as the apparatus begins to respond to control
Locked wheel skid.
113
When driving a vehicle equipped with ABS, driver should maintain a _____ pressure on brake pedal, not pump the pedal.
Steady
114
____________ ______ retarders and _______________ retarders provide the highest level of braking torque and are unaffected by transmission gear shift changes.
Transmission output retarders
| Electromagnetic retarders
115
Apparatus driver should remember to turn ___ the auxiliary brake and reduce speeds in inclement weather.
Off
116
The _______ brake is the least capable of the four auxiliary brakes.
It uses a valve to restrict the flow of exhaust, which creates back pressure that adds to the engines inherent braking ability.
Exhaust
117
______________ retarders will experience some loss of effectiveness at ____ ambiant temperatures.
Electromagnetic
| High
118
Chains on auxiliary traction control systems may be ineffective in snow deeper than _-_ inches
3-6 inches
119
_______ ________ _____ automatically reduces the engines torque and applied brakes to wheels that have lost traction and have begun to spin.
Automatic traction control
120
Purpose of the _____ _________ ___________ lock is to improve traction and handling and may be equipped on some aerial apparatus
Driver controlled differential
121
________ __________ lock feature allows the operator to lock out the _________ ___________ between the rear tandem driving axels, creating one solid drive line between the rear axles
Interaxle Differential
122
____ ________ control is integrated into the ABS system, includes a lateral accelerometer that senses when the side force cause by cornering approaches the roll-over threshold.
Roll stability control
123
__________ ________ control, is a more capable system than roll stability control because it can apply the brakes independently to aim the vehicle in the direction the operator positions the steering wheel
Electronic stability
124
All spotters performing spotting duties should be wearing a _________ ______ ____
Reflective safety vest
125
If losing sight with your spotter ____ the apparatus immediately
Stop
126
Spotter should use a ____, exaggerated motion for all hand signals
Slow
127
NFPA ____ requires that prospect drivers be able to perform practical driving exercises with each type of apparatus they are expected to drive.
NFPA 1002
128
_____ attempt to remove any inlet or discharge cap on an apparatus until making certain there is no trapped pressure.
Open the bleeder valve or drain valve to ensure that any trapped pressure is released.
Never
129
Starting apparatus;
| Shut down engine immediately if oil pressure gauge does not fall within manufacturer's recommendations w/in _-__ seconds
5-10 seconds
