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Engineer > Chptr 3- Apparatus saftey & Operating Emergency Vehicle > Flashcards

Chptr 3- Apparatus saftey & Operating Emergency Vehicle Flashcards

1
Q

NFPA 1002

A

Standard for fire apparatus driver/operator professional qualifications

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2
Q

Always travel on this lane when in multi lane roadways

A

Innermost lane (fast lane)

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3
Q

Distance the vehicle travels from the time the brakes are applied until it comes to a complete stop.

A

Braking distance

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4
Q

Sum of the driver reaction distance and the vehicle braking distance

A

Total stopping distance

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5
Q

Distance a vehicle travels while a driver transfers a foot from the accelerator to the brake pedal after perceiving the need for stopping.

A

Reaction distance

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6
Q

An uncontrolled slide across a surface in a wheeled vehicle

A

Skid

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7
Q

These systems minimize the chance of a vehicle skidding when the brakes are applied forcefully

A

Antilock braking system

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8
Q

This standard requires that all apparatus with a GVWR of 36,000lbs or greater be equipped with an auxiliary braking system.

A

NFPA 1901

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9
Q

This brake device is any device that uses the engine and transmission to impede the forward motion of the motor vehicle ny compression of the engine.

A

Engine compression brake

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10
Q

Sound this many short blasts of the horn immediately before backing the apparatus

A

Two

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11
Q

A back up spotter stands this far away from the vehicle backing up

A

8-10 ft

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12
Q

Best side for a spotter is on the _____ side of the apparatus

A

Drivers

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13
Q

Standard for a fire and emergency service vehicle operations training program

A

NFPA 1451

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14
Q

NFPA ____ provides specific directions on driver/operation candidates evaluation

A

1002

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15
Q

Maintain vehicle speed of 5mph. At 5mph, _ feet of hose is pulled out each second

A

7

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16
Q

NFPA ____ states that any equipment not needed while driving to the scene must be secured in brackets or contained in a storage cabinet.

A

1901

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17
Q

High pressure hydraulic fluid at pressures as low as ___psi can penetrate skin

A

100

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18
Q

NEVER attempt to remove any _____ or _______ ___ on an apparatus until making certain there is no trapped pressure.

A

Inlet, discharge cap

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19
Q

ALWAYS open ______ valve before removing inlet or discharge cap

A

Drain/bleeder

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20
Q

7 Common causes of collisions

A 
Mechanical failure
Overloading and misuse
Lack of driving skill/experience
Driver/operator personal readiness
Improper backing
Excessive speed
Reckless driving
(MOLDIER)
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21
Q

Unless specifically exempt, fire apparatus driver/operators are subject to any ______, ____, __________, or _________ that governs any other vehicle operator.

A

Statue, rule, regulation, ordinance

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22
Q

Abilities and skills driver/operators should possess

A 
Reading skills
Computer skills
Writing
Math
Physical fitness
Visual acuity
Adequate hearing
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23
Q

All riders on the apparatus must be seated within the cab or body and wearing their ____ _____ before the apparatus is put into motion.

A

Seat belts

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24
Q

Types of traffic control devices

A

Signals outside of stations
Strobe light activated preemption devices
Traffic signal preemption devices
Gps based traffic signal preemption

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25
Q

Types of auxiliary braking systems

A

Exhaust brake
Engine compression brake
Transmission output retarder
Electromagnetic retarder

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26
Q

Some recommended backing policies

A

Use of 1 or more backers
Preposition lights to illuminate where backers will stand
Back the engine very slowly
Walk all the way around the engine
If possible place engine where backing is not necessary
Use back up cameras in addition to mirrors
Use portable radios if possible
Sound two short blasts of air horns prior to backing up

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27
Q

Guidelines when working on top of an apparatus

A

Always have a second person present
Only on surfaces with a slip resistant surface
Always maintaining three points of contact
Wear helmets

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28
Q

Standard for fire apparatus driver/operator professional qualifications

A

NFPA 1002

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29
Q

The safe transport of ff’ers, apparatus, and equipment to and from the scene is

A

The responsibly of fire apparatus driver/operators

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30
Q

Standard for fire fighter professional qualifications

A

NFPA 1001

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31
Q

Standard on fd occupational safety and health program

A

NFPA 1500

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32
Q

Standard on comprehensive occupational medical program for fd’s

A

NFPA 1582

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33
Q

In the US, the ____ establishes the basic requirements for licensing a driver

A

FDOT

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34
Q

____ _________ ________________ must always exercise care for the safety of ff’ers and civilians

A

Fire apparatus driver/operators

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35
Q

You are also subject to all traffic regulations when driving under __ _________ conditions

A

Non emergency

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36
Q

Driving _______ usually describe vehicles that are in the emergency category

A

Statues

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37
Q

An act of proceeding to do something with a conscious awareness of danger, more harsh than ordinary negligence.

“The driver/operator is not protected from the legal consequences of driving with ________ _________ fort the safety of others”

A

Reckless disregard

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38
Q

Breach of duty in which a person or organization fails to perform at the standard required by law.

-this is usually found when the driver/operator has been found guilty of a gross violation of standing laws, policies, or ordinances.

A

Negligence

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39
Q

Willful and wanton disregard.

Driving under the influence of alcohol is not only an example of _____ _________, but reckless as well

A

Gross negligence

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40
Q

Driver/operators drive with ___ ______ for the safety of others using the highways

A

Due regard

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41
Q

The most common place for an accident to occur

A

At an intersection

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42
Q

Perception of ones surrounding environment and the ability to anticipate future events

A

Situational awareness

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43
Q

Fire apparatus collisions are grouped into 7 basic causes

A 
Mechanical Failure 
Overloading and misuse 
Lack of driving skill/experience 
Driver/operator personal readiness
Improper backing
Excessive speed 
Reckless Driving
(MOLDIER)
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44
Q

Loss of braking function which occurs due to excessive use of the brakes

A

Brake fade

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45
Q

Study conducted by the society of automotive engineers, it was determined that in __% of all collisions, the driver/operator was not aware of a problem until it was too late

A

42

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46
Q

Standard for automotive fire apparatus

A

NFPA 1901

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47
Q

Standard for fd occupational safety and health program

A

NFPA 1500

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48
Q

Loading LDH hose while driving speed limit = _ MPH

Only allowed to load hose while driving _______

A

5 mph

Forward

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49
Q

NFPA ___ allows for a detachable seat to be placed next to the tiller operator’s position in which an instructor may sit

A

1500

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50
Q

One of the most common causes of injury for the driver/operator is from

A

Slips and falls while entering/exiting the apparatus

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51
Q

The driver should first know the ___________ and _____ of travel prior to starting the apparatus

A

Destination, route

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52
Q

Year Diesel engines began to be equipped with DPF systems

  • DPF collects soot from exhaust stream and burns them more completely.
  • DPF Happens naturally when the exhaust is very hot
A

2007

53
Q

Soot will burn out of the ___ naturally when exhaust is very hot. If the apparatus makes frequent short runs, or operates in very cold climates, the exhaust may never get hot enough to burn out the soot and ______ _____________ is required.

A

DPF

Active regeneration

54
Q

The ___ collects particles (soot) from the exhaust stream and burns them more completely.

A

DPF

55
Q

______ ____________ can occur in two manners, automatic mode or in manual (parked) mode.

A

Active regeneration

56
Q

_________ ____________ occurs when the engine load, exhaust temp, and engine speed are within an acceptable range. When these conditions are met, the engine will begin dosing fuel into the exhaust stream to raise the exhaust temp and burn off the soot

A

Automatic regeneration

57
Q

______ _____________ allows the cleaning of the DPF in stationary truck operations and requires operator involvement to initiate. This can not be initiated during pumping operations.

A

Parked regeneration.

58
Q

Force that tends to create a rotational or twisting motion

Measurement of engine shaft output

A

Torque

59
Q

Never ___ a Diesel engine prior to shutting it down

A

Rev

60
Q

Angle formed by level ground and a line from the point where front tires touch the ground to lowest projection at front of apparatus

A

Angle of approach

61
Q

Angle formed by level ground and a line from the point where the rear tires touch the ground to the lowest projections at the rear of the apparatus

A

Angle of departure

62
Q

Angle formed by level ground and a line from point where rear tires touch ground to the bottom of frame at the wheel base midpoint

A

Break over angle

63
Q

Axel weight distribution

Ensure that the axel loading is balanced within _% from side to side of the axel

A

7

64
Q

______ _______ occurs when the throttle is applied when a manual transmission is in too high a gear for the demand of the engine

A

Engine lugging

65
Q

Process of injecting or supplying the Diesel engine with more fuel than can be burned

A

Over-throttling

66
Q

NFPA ____ requires a placard in every apparatus listing vehicle height and weight in feet/tons

A

1901

67
Q

There are _____ locations in the U.S. where there is less than ___ft following the railroad tracks, accounting for an average of ___ accidents annually.

A

19,824
100
122

68
Q

It may take _ to __ times greater distance for a vehicle to stop on snow/ice

A

3 to 15

69
Q

Driver/operators must come to a complete stop at intersections controlled with a ___ ___ _____ or ___ ____.

A

Red traffic light

Stop sign

70
Q

Studies have shown that civilians respond better to ______ than change pitch.

A

Sounds

71
Q

At speeds above __mph, emergency vehicles may outrun the effective range of its audible warning device

A

50

72
Q

Increasing the speed of an apparatus by __ mph can decrease the audible distance by ___ feet

A

20, 250

73
Q

When more than 1 emergency vehicle is responding along the same route, they should travel at least ___ to ___ feet apart

A

300, 500

74
Q

_____ lights are readily visible even during daylight

A

White

75
Q

According to the US Fire Administration, __ ff’ers were killed responding to or returning from emergency incidents in 2010

A

17

76
Q

While driving, the driver/operator shall not operate a ______ _________.

A

Mobile computer

77
Q

In some states and providences, a fire apparatus driver/operator must obtain a _________ ______ _______ in order to drive a large piece of fire apparatus

A

Commercial drivers license

78
Q

All FD’s must maintain and establish a thorough ________ _______ to include regularly scheduled refresher courses that maintain driver/operator skills

A

Training program

79
Q

Which ability or skill is necessary to understand maps, dispatch instructions, and pre-incident plans? _______ skills

A

Reading Skills

80
Q

Is is important to know ________ skills in order to access and operate mapping software and dispatch instructions

A

Computer skills

81
Q

______ or _________ have latitude to alter federal requirements as necessary.

A

States or providences

82
Q

Most driving regulations pertain to ___, _____ roads during ________ conditions.

A

Dry, clear

Daylight

83
Q

In some jurisdictions, _________ may exempt emergency vehicles from driving regulations that apply for the general public if they are responding to a reported emergency and using audible/visual warning devices

A

Statutes

84
Q

If the driver/operator is _________ in the operation of an emergency vehicle and is involved in a collision, both the driver/operator and the jurisdiction he/she represents may be held responsible.

A

Negligent

85
Q

When the driver drives with ___ _______ and is fully aware of surrounding traffic, collisions are much less likely to occur.

A

Due caution

86
Q

Knowledge of local _______ ____ is also necessary for safe driving operation

A

Traffic laws

87
Q

_______ accidents generally account for a significant percentage of all damage repair costs

A

Backing

88
Q

_________ _____ also makes an apparatus more difficult to stop and can cause difficulties when braking

A

Excessive speed

89
Q

Only effective ________ and _______ techniques can ensure maximum braking efficiency

A

Handling and braking

90
Q

A ____ water tank provides better braking for the weight and subsequent road surface traction

A

Full

91
Q

An apparatus with a properly baffled tank that is _________ filled may be more dangerous than a full or empty tank.

A

Partially

92
Q

Several fatal fire apparatus accidents have been traced back to improperly maintained apparatus _______ _______

A

Braking systems

93
Q

In most fire depts, it is a SOG to don protective gear ______ getting into the apparatus

A

Before

94
Q

Conformation of wearing ____ _____ must be verified _________ before moving the vehicle.

A

Seat belts

Verbally

95
Q

Standard which provides directions on loading LDH while driving the apparatus

A

NFPA 1500

96
Q

When loading fire hose, the ______ ________ to the operation must be a member, other than the driver/operator and the ff’ers loading the hose.

A

Safety observer

97
Q

Ff’ers must never ride on the _______ of a moving apparatus for any reason.

A

Outside

98
Q

When climbing on or off any vehicle, always’ face the vehicle, maintain _ points of contact with the vehicle.

A

3

99
Q

DPF indicator light illuminates when

A

The DPF is loading up with soot.

100
Q

Two situations where the regeneration inhibit switch shall be on

A

When parked over dry grass,

When parked over other combustible material of high risk that may start a fire w/ high exhaust temp

101
Q

______ ____________ can not be initiated during pumping operations
Do not perform ______ ____________ when connected to the exhaust extrication system.

A

Parked regeneration

102
Q

An apparatus equipped with _________ _________ ___________ will have a tank in addition to the fuel tank that must be filled with ______ _______ _____

A

Selective Catalyst Reductant

Diesel Exhaust Fluid

103
Q

Never ____ ____ an engine immediately after a full load operation or temp gauges indicate that the engine is overheated.
A hot engine should cool to normal operating temp,m usually taking _-_min of idle time.

A

Shut down

3-5min

104
Q

A driver/operator should never attempt to shut down the engine while the apparatus is __ ______.

A

In motion

105
Q

Large size of most apparatus make it imperative that driver/operators have well ________ _______
This is done anytime the driving responsibility changes from one individual to another.

A

Adjusted mirrors

106
Q

Weight transfer follows the laws of _______

A

Inertia

107
Q

It is unsafe and may be illegal to allow the apparatus to coast out of gear or “_________” while driving downhill

A

Freewheel

108
Q

The driver/operator should turn on the apparatus ___________ as part of the emergency response.

A

Headlights

109
Q

Top off the DEF tank _____ time the apparatus is fueled up

A

Every

110
Q

Intersections equipped with a traffic signal preemption device will have _ inch _____ and ____ lights mounted near the regular traffic lights facing each direction of travel. This type of traffic control device is activated by sirens as it approaches intersections

A

3”

White and blue

111
Q

____________ ____ usually occurs the gas pedal is applied too quickly.
The driver wheels lose traction on the road surface.
Ease off accelerator, straighten out front wheels as the vehicle begins to respond.

A

Acceleration skid.

112
Q

A ______ _____ ____ usually caused by braking too hard at high speeds.
Ease off the brake to unlock the drive wheels, and then straighten the steer wheels as the apparatus begins to respond to control

A

Locked wheel skid.

113
Q

When driving a vehicle equipped with ABS, driver should maintain a _____ pressure on brake pedal, not pump the pedal.

A

Steady

114
Q

____________ ______ retarders and _______________ retarders provide the highest level of braking torque and are unaffected by transmission gear shift changes.

A

Transmission output retarders

Electromagnetic retarders

115
Q

Apparatus driver should remember to turn ___ the auxiliary brake and reduce speeds in inclement weather.

A

Off

116
Q

The _______ brake is the least capable of the four auxiliary brakes.
It uses a valve to restrict the flow of exhaust, which creates back pressure that adds to the engines inherent braking ability.

A

Exhaust

117
Q

______________ retarders will experience some loss of effectiveness at ____ ambiant temperatures.

A

Electromagnetic

High

118
Q

Chains on auxiliary traction control systems may be ineffective in snow deeper than - inches

A

3-6 inches

119
Q

_______ ________ _____ automatically reduces the engines torque and applied brakes to wheels that have lost traction and have begun to spin.

A

Automatic traction control

120
Q

Purpose of the _____ _________ ___________ lock is to improve traction and handling and may be equipped on some aerial apparatus

A

Driver controlled differential

121
Q

________ __________ lock feature allows the operator to lock out the _________ ___________ between the rear tandem driving axels, creating one solid drive line between the rear axles

A

Interaxle Differential

122
Q

____ ________ control is integrated into the ABS system, includes a lateral accelerometer that senses when the side force cause by cornering approaches the roll-over threshold.

A

Roll stability control

123
Q

__________ ________ control, is a more capable system than roll stability control because it can apply the brakes independently to aim the vehicle in the direction the operator positions the steering wheel

A

Electronic stability

124
Q

All spotters performing spotting duties should be wearing a _________ ______ ____

A

Reflective safety vest

125
Q

If losing sight with your spotter ____ the apparatus immediately

A

Stop

126
Q

Spotter should use a ____, exaggerated motion for all hand signals

A

Slow

127
Q

NFPA ____ requires that prospect drivers be able to perform practical driving exercises with each type of apparatus they are expected to drive.

A

NFPA 1002

128
Q

_____ attempt to remove any inlet or discharge cap on an apparatus until making certain there is no trapped pressure.
Open the bleeder valve or drain valve to ensure that any trapped pressure is released.

A

Never

129
Q

Starting apparatus;

Shut down engine immediately if oil pressure gauge does not fall within manufacturer’s recommendations w/in _-__ seconds

A

5-10 seconds

Engineer (8 decks)

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