Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Engineer > Chptr 5- Principles Of Water > Flashcards

Chptr 5- Principles Of Water Flashcards

(83 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What remained the most common weapon in the firefighter’s arsenal?

A

Plain water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Freezing and boiling point of water

A

32 (0° C) degrees and 212 degrees (100° C)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ordinary fresh water is considered to weigh ___lb/gal

A

8.3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are ways that a water can extinguish fire

A

Cool/absorb heat from the fire, as well as smother (exclude oxygen from) fires.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Specific gravity of water

A

1.0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Is gasolines specific gravity less than water or more? Does that make it float on top of water or water on top of gasoline?

A

Less than
Gasolines specific gravity= 0.72-0.76
Gasoline on top of water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The greater the ______ ____ of water exposed, the more rapidly heat is absorbed.

A

Surface area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Water converted to steam occupies approx. ____ times its original volume

A

1,700

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Water has a ____ surface tension,

Making it somewhat difficult to soak into dense materials

A

High

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

_______ ______ may be mixed with water to reduce its surface tension and increase its penetrating ability

A

Wetting agents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Water is a ____ conductor of electricity

A

Good

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Force per unit area exerted by a liquid or gas measured in pounds per square inch (psi)

A

Pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Simple measure of weight, usually expressed in lbs or kg

A

Force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The speed at which a fluid travels through a pipeline or hose is often called ________

A

Velocity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted _______ in all directions

A

Equally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The pressure of a liquid in an open vessel is proportional to its _____

A

Depth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Mercury is _____ times denser than water

A

13.55

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Pressure of a liquid in an open vessel is proportional to the _______ of the liquid

A

Density

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Mercury also has a specific gravity _______ than one, as it will sink in the water

A

Greater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The pressure of a liquid at the bottom of a vessel is ___________ of the shape of the vessel.

A

Independent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Atmospheric pressure at sea level ____ psi, which is considered standard atmospheric pressure

A

14.7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Any pressure less than atmospheric pressure is called _______

A

Vacuum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

____ refers to the height of a water supply above the discharge orifice

A

Head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The water flow definition of ______ ________ is stored potential energetic available to force water through pipes, fittings, hose, and adapters.

A

Static pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
_____ ________ may be produced by an elevated water supply, atmospheric pressure, or a pump.
Water pressure
26
If water is not moving, the pressure exerted is ______
Static
27
______ means at rest, or without motion.
Static
28
Difference between static pressure and normal operating pressure
The friction caused by water flowing through pipes, valves, and fittings on the system
29
________ _________ is the portion of the total available pressure not used to overcome friction loss or gravity while forcing water through pipes, fittings, hoses, or adapters. Residual is the remainder or that which is left
Residual pressure
30
While water is flowing from a discharge opening, the forward velocity pressure is considered the ____ ________
Flow pressure
31
________ is the position of an object in relation to sea level
Altitude
32
_________ refers to the center line of the pump or bottom of a static water supply course above or below ground level
Elevation
33
Gain or loss in pressure of a hose line due to change of elevation
Elevation pressure
34
Above sea level, atmospheric pressure decreases approximately ___ psi for every 1,000 ft
0.5
35
Loss of pressure created by the turbulence of water moving against the interior walls of the hose or pipe
Friction loss
36
Force created by the rapid deceleration of water; causes a violent increase in pressure that can be powerful enough to rupture piping or damage fixtures
Water hammer
37
Rivers and lakes are two examples of ______ _____ supply
Surface water
38
Water wells or water producing springs are two examples of ______ _____ supply
Ground water
39
Primary water supply can be obtained from either ______ water or ______ water
Surface, ground
40
What are the 3 methods of moving water in a system
Direct pumping system Gravity system Combination system
41
Part of an overall water supply system that receives the water from the pumping station and delivers it throughout the area to be served
Distribution systems
42
Water supply system that utilizes lateral feeders for improved distribution
Grid system
43
Fire hydrant that receives water from only one direction is known as a
Dead end hydrant
44
When a fire hydrant receives water from two or more directions, it is said to have __________ _____ or a looped line
Circulating feed
45
A distribution system that provides circulating feed from several mains constitutes a ____ ______
Grid system
46
Grid system consists of - - -
Primary feeders Secondary feeders Distributors
47
One of the most important factors in a water supply system is the
Water departments ability to promptly operate the valves during emergency or breakdown of equipment
48
Valves should be inspected and operated ______ by the water supply utility
Yearly
49
An __________ valve visually shows whether the gate or valve seat is open, closed, or partially closed.
Indicating
50
Two common indicating valves
Outside screw and yoke | Post indicator valve
51
This type of indicator valve is most commonly used on sprinkler systems
Outside screw and yoke
52
This type of indicator valve is commonly used on private water supply systems
Post indicator valve
53
Most common type of valve used on public water distribution systems, normally installed in valve boxes or manholes
Nonindicating valve
54
3 basic rates of consumption are considered by engineers when they design water distribution systems
Average daily consumption (ADC) Maximum daily consumption (MDC) Peak hourly consumption (PHC)
55
What type of supply systems are most commonly found on larger commercial, industrial, or institutional properties, but may also be found in some residential developments?
Private water supply systems
56
Private water supply systems maintain _______ piping for fire protection and domestic/industrial services.
Separate
57
What are the purposes of a private water supply system?
Provide water strictly for fire protection, For sanitary and fire protection, And for fire protection and manufacturing processes
58
Tip sizes and flows of master stream
1 3/8”-502 GPM 1 1/2”- 598 GPM 1 3/4”- 814 GPM 2”- 1063 GPM
59
Water is a compound when two ________ atoms combine with 1 ______ atom
Hydrogen | Oxygen
60
At waters freezing point it converts to a ______, and at its boiling point it converts to a ___
Solid | Gas
61
Water is considered to be virtually ______________
Imcompressible
62
Water's density, or its weight per unit of volume is measured in pounds per cubic foot (kg/m^3). Ordinary fresh water is considered to weigh _kg/liter __lb/gallon ___lb/ft^3 (cubed) ____kg/m^3 (cubed)
1 kg/liter 8.3lb/gallon 62.4lb/ft^3 1000kg/m^3
63
Water may be used to smother fires in a combustible liquid when the liquid's specific gravity is _______ than 1.
Higher
64
Water has _______ heat-absorbing capacity than other common extinguishing agents
Greater
65
A column of water ____ feet high exerts pressure of 1 psi at its base. An elevated water supply ___ft higher than your hydrant will deliver 43.4 psi at the hydrant
2.304 | 100'
66
Radiant heat ______ passes through water, rendering water curtains ___________
Easily | Ineffective
67
Fluid pressure is ____________ to any surface on which it acts
Perpendicular
68
Fluid pressure at a point in fluid at rest is the ____ intensity in all directions
Same
69
Pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted _______ in all directions
Equally
70
___________ pressure that surrounds the earth has depth and density, exerting pressure on everything.
Atmospheric
71
Absolute zero pressure is called a
Perfect vacuum
72
Water pressure may be produced by an _______ _____ ______, ___________ ________, or a ____.
Elevated water supply Atmospheric pressure A pump
73
The pressure found in a water distribution system during normal consumption demands is considered the _______ _________ ________
Normal operating pressure
74
FL varies directly with the ______ of the hose or pipes
Length
75
FL develops much ______ than the change in velocity
Faster
76
FL in a hose will ________ when the diameter of the hose is increased
Decrease
77
FL for a given velocity is approximately the _____, regardless of the pressure on the water
Same
78
The smaller the hose, the _______ the velocity needed to deliver the same volume of a larger hose.
Greater
79
FL in a water system _________ as the length of the hose or piping increases.
Increases
80
For water supply, most communities use a
Combination of gravity systems and direct pumping systems
81
Control valves in public water distribution systems are generally ____ valves
Gate
82
Most commonly, private water supply systems receive their water from
Municipal water supply systems
83
In municipal water systems, fire hydrants and water for domestic/industrial use are connect to the ____ mains
Same

Engineer (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions