Chronic cough

Question 1

Chronic bronchitis definition

Answer 1

A chronic cough that lasts for more than 3 months a year over 2 years
Clincal diagnosis

Question 2

Causitive factor of chronic bronchitis

Answer 2

exposure to cigarette smoke

Other causes:
- Bacterial agents
- Influenza A/B virus

Question 3

Pathology of Bronchitis (Chronic)

Answer 3

Mucous gland hypersecretion cause blockages in airway that plugs them. Obstructs air from getting out
Leads to increased CO2 and low O2

Question 4

What do PFTs show in Chronic bronchitis

Answer 4

Show decreased FEV1, Decreased FVEV1/FVC ratio, normal or slightly decreased FVC.

Extremely decreased FEV1.

Question 5

Sx of chronic bronchitis

Answer 5

• Obesity
• Cyanosis of lips
• Difficulty getting air out
• Crackles/Rales
• Tachypnea, dyspnea, hemoptysis, productive cough

Question 6

Is chronic bronchitis associated with weight loss or weight gain

Answer 6

Weight gain– obese pts

Question 7

Symptoms of chronic emphysema

Answer 7

• Barrel chest, Increased AP diameter
• Pursed lip breathing
• Can cause Pneumothorax as a complication
• Cachexia (wasting syndrome, lose weight)
• Wheezing
• Hyperresonance on percussion

Question 8

Bullae on a CT are common in which disease

Answer 8

Emphysema

Question 9

What are the symptoms of bronchiectisis

Answer 9

• Chronic cough with sputum production
• Hemoptysis
• Dyspnea
• Crackles, wheezing, clubbing (rare)

Question 10

Answer 10

Bullae
no bronchial wall thickening
common finding in emphysema

Question 11

Answer 11

Bullae
no bronchial wall thickening
common finding in emphysema

Question 12

Answer 12

Bronchiectasis
Dilated bronchioles and bronchi and calcification around them
CAN ALSO SEE IN CF

Question 13

Answer 13

Emphysema

Question 14

Answer 14

Tree in bud apperance, Bronchiectasis

Question 15

CXR finding of bronchiectasis

Answer 15

• Tree in bud apperance
• Wall thickening of bronchi
• Inflated bronchi

Question 16

CF key pathophysiology

Answer 16

retain too much Na, salty skin
Infertility
Chronic cough with sputum, dyspnea, recurrent infections, pancreatic involvement w diabetes/ fatty stool

Question 17

On exam CF findings

Answer 17

• Clubbing
• Cyanotic apperance
• Hyperresonance to percussion from air trapping
• Crackles

Question 18

Key findings of CF lab results

Answer 18

ABG: Hypoxia
CT: Bronchiectasis
PFTs: Obstructive unless late stage
Blood Trypsinogen level: Elevated
CFTR shows gene dysfunction

Question 19

Increased Na

Answer 19

Cystic fibrosis

Question 20

Is CF obstructive or restrictive

Answer 20

Obstructive