Pathophys and misc topics Flashcards
(29 cards)
Decreased FRC is what
Decreased volume of air left in lungs at end of breath
Decreased RV is what
Decreased amount of air in lungs after maximum exhalation
I.e. emphysema has much higher RV because stretched out and cannot get more air out
Vital Capacity
Volume of air that can be let out of lungs after taking a breath in
Tidal Volume
Air that moves in and out of lungs regularly (500 cc)
Mean PAP normally
around 12-15
Normal pulmonary pressures
25/8
Primary homeostatic role of the lung
Maintain PCO2
Normal PCO2 in the blood
35-45
Normal pH of the body
7.35-7.45
HCO3 normally
22-26
PAO2 normally
80-100
Causes of Respiratory Alkalosis
Hyperventilation
Anxiety
Salicylate overdose
PE
Hypoxia
Respiratory Acidosis cause
Hypoventilation
Airway obstruction
PNA
Polio/Extrapulmonary chest deformity
Metabolic Acidosis causes
Severe Diarrhea
Lactic acidosis
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Renal failure
Salicylate overdose
HARD
ASS
H: Hyperalimentation
A:Addisons disease
R: Renal acidosis
D: Diarrhea
A: Acetezolomide
S: Spironolactone
S: Saline infusion
Metabolic Alkalosis causes
Vomitting
Conn syndrome
LAVA
Loop diuretics
Antacids
Vomiting
Aldosterone increase
What is potassium in Alkalosis vs acidosis
AlKaLOsis : LOW
Acidosis: High
Peaked T waves
Hyperkalemia
ST depression, T inversion, U waves
HypOkalemia
Conditions that favor unloading of O2 at tissues
1) Acidosis
2) pH decrease
3) Blood temperature increased
2,3- DPG is raised increases unloading too
Tx for pneumocystis jirovecci pna
Bactrim
Ship yard workers
Asbestosis
What is the reason a COPD patient’s CO2 will increase when given o2
Depression of ventelation
taking away their respiratory drive because they are chronically on a hypoxic drive
birefringant particels
silicosis
Also Hilar lymph node calcification and nodular densities bilaterally
Describe blastomycosis
Mississipi river vally fungi
Skin plaques
Treat with Itraconazole
