Chronic Leukaemia Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chronic Leukaemia Deck (15)
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1
Q

Types of chronic leukaemia?

A

Chronic myeloid leukaemia

Chronic lymphoblastic leukaemia

2
Q

What happens in CML?

A

Uncontrolled clonal proliferation of myeloid cells

3
Q

When does CML usually present?

A

40-60 years old

4
Q

What chromosome is associated in >80% CML cases?

A

Philadelphia chromosome

5
Q

Those without the Philadelphia chromosome in CML have a better / worse prognosis?

A

Worse

6
Q

Signs and Symptoms of CML?

A
Weight loss, tiredness fevers, sweats 
Maybe gout
Bleeding 
Abdo discomfort 
Splenomegaly, hepatomegaly 
Anaemia 
Bruising
7
Q

WBC increased or decreased in CML?

A

Increased

8
Q

In CML what happens to urate and B12?

A

Increase

9
Q

Marrow cellularity in CML?

A

Hypercellular

10
Q

Treatment of CML?

A

BCR-AML inhibitors - eg imatinub

Stem cell transplantation

11
Q

What happens on CLL?

A

Accumulation mature B cells which have escaped programmed cell death and now in cell arrest in G0/G1 phase

12
Q

What is the commonest leukaemia?

A

CLL

13
Q

Signs and symptoms of CLL?

A
Often asymptomatic 
Anaemia/ infection prone 
If severe - weight loss, sweats, anorexia 
Enlarged , rubbery , non tender nodes 
Splenomegaly, hepatomegaly
14
Q

feature on CLL bloods?

A

Raised lymphocytes

15
Q

Treatment of CLL?

A

Drugs- fludarabine + cyclophosphamide + rituximab
Radiotherapy
Supportive - transfusions, IV human Ig
Relapse - R-DEX (rituximab + dexamethasone)