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Flashcards in Cells Deck (21)
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1
Q

What is haemopoiesis?

A

Production of blood cells

2
Q

Where are blood cells for haemopoiesis derived from?

A

Pluripotent stem cells

3
Q

In the embryo, main sites of haemopoiesis?

A

Yolk sac, liver, marrow

3-7 months - spleen

4
Q

As an adult where does haemopoiesis occur?

A
Bone marrow of :
Skull
Ribs
Sternum
Pelvis
Proximal ends of femur
5
Q

Why are they called granulocytes?

A

Granules visible on microscopy

6
Q

What cells make up the granulocytes??

A

Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils

7
Q

What is neutrophilia?

A

Increased number of circulation neutrophils

Marinating pool not included - steroids reducing marination so neutrophilia may be seen instead

8
Q

What is margination?

A

Neutrophils adhere to vessel wall

9
Q

What may increase number of neutrophils?

A

Body stress - infections, trauma, infarction, inflammation, steroids

10
Q

What reactions are eosinophils involved with?

A

Hypersensitivity

11
Q

Eosinophils circulate in bloodstream for longer/ shorter than neutrophils?

A

Longer

12
Q

What is eosinophilia?

A

Increased number of circulating eosinophils

13
Q

What may cause eosinophilia?

A
Allergic action to drugs 
Severe skin conditions - atopic dermatitis 
Asthma , atrophy 
Parasitic infection 
Hodgkin's lymphoma , T cell lymphomas 
Pulmonary syndromes
14
Q

What so basophil granules contain?

A

Histamine and heparin

15
Q

What do basophils have on their surface ?

A

IgE receptors (Fc receptors)

16
Q

Monocytes differentiate into what?

A

Macrophages

17
Q

How do monocytes fight infection?

A

Phagocytosis

18
Q

When is monocytosis seen?

A

Chronic bacterial infections
Connective tissue disease
Malignancy

19
Q

What are the differences between mature and activated lymphocytes?

A

Mature - small with a condense nucleus and rim of cytoplasm

Activated are large with plentiful blue cyctoplasm and extend round red cells

20
Q

What causes lymphocytosis?

A

Infection
Malignancy
Can be seen after splenectomy

21
Q

What is immunophenotyping ?

A

Expression profile of proteins on surface of cells