Chronological order Nazi's Flashcards
(23 cards)
Creation of the General Christian Movement
1932
Creation of the Emergency Pastors League (Martin Niemoller) to combat bothe the Reich Church, but also the Aryan paragraph (which Niemoller despised)
1933
The creation of the Reich Church which Hitler promoted to unify all Protestant Church’s under Nazi theology and Ludwig Muller’s rule (incompetent)
1933
Signing of the Concordat by Cardinal Pacelli to. ensure freedoms for Catholic institutions, but the Nazi’s had other ideas
1933
Creation of the Confessing Church (Martin Niemoller, Dietrich Bonheoffer)
1934
Creation of the Barmen declaration (Karl Barth) emphasising that Jesus is the head of the Church and not the Fürher and made in opposition to the idea that the Nazi state and the Church should be linked both theologically and polically.
1934
Numenberg Declaration, which made Jews lose citizenship and unable to marry Germans.
1935
Neither the Protestant Church or the Catholic Church speak out against the antisemitism o fthe Numenberg Declaration.
1935
Karl Barth back to Switzerland because of his refusal to sign loyalty to Hitler
1935
The Confessing Church sent a letter Hitler questioning him on his stance on the Church and whether he would change. Nice unified moment for the Protestant Church.
1936
The Catholic Church read the Mit Brenennder Sorge on Plam Sunday after having it smuggled in. Although not explicitly mentioning Hitler or Jews, stood against the Furher idea and the racism of the Nzi Party.
1937
The Nazi Party shifted from co-option to suppression. Mass monastery closure, schools closed, morality and currency trials for the Catholics, frequent arrests, Goebells propaganda, constant Gestapo surveillance
1937
The Catholic Church shifted its goal to pastural care and keeping the faith of their congregations, as oppossed to actively opposing the Nazi Party while the Protestant Church, Confessing Church stood on the ground that Jesus is the head of the Church, although the extent to which they acted on that varied largely
1937
Martin Niemoller is arrested and spends 8 years imprisoned
1937
The church largely goes undercover with Bonhoeffer teaching seminary in secret and writing the cost of discipleship
1937
Kristallnacht pogrom. Massaccre of Jews in Germany, Austria, and some parts of Czechoslovakia
1938
Neither the Protestant Church or the Catholic Church speak out against the antisemitism, but privately support Jews
1938
The Godesberg declaration (another attempt by the German Evangelical Church to unite Protestant Churches) the confessing church said no but many nuetral churches aggreed.
1939
Bonhoeffer breifly returns to the US before coming back to Germany to “suffer” with his people
1939
Bonhoeffer arrested for being a part of July 20 plot
1943
Count Clemens Von Galen preached three sermons against, the Gestapo, T-4 euthanasia program labelling it as “plain murder”, and the closure of Catholic schools
1941
Hitler stops the T-4 euthanasia program and gives the Catholic schools back
1941
Bonhoeffer killed weeks before the end of the war
1945
