Cinema Midterm Flashcards
(109 cards)
1
Q
Motif
A
A vehicle for theme; a detail to show theme, a tangible thing
2
Q
Theme
A
A film’s central, unifying concept; a continuous feeling
3
Q
Parallel
A
A common aspect between characters
4
Q
Expectations
A
Type-casting, director styles, genre
5
Q
Classical
A
Hollywood style 3-4 part storyline focused on story over character and situations
6
Q
Realism
A
Focused on characters over storyline
7
Q
Formalist
A
Focused on cinematography and techniques
8
Q
Formal
A
Experimental avant-garde
9
Q
Descriptive claims
A
Plot summary, describing the movie
10
Q
Interpretive claims
A
Your interpretation, themes, level of meaning
11
Q
Evaluative claims
A
Whether the movie was good, bad, or mediocre
12
Q
Speculative claims
A
Making assumptions of back story-events off screen
13
Q
Fabula
A
Complete chronological order of events on and off screen
14
Q
Syuzhet
A
Events that are represented on screen
15
Q
Diegetic
A
within the movie universe
16
Q
Extra-diegetic
A
Not of the film’s universe
17
Q
omniscient
A
All knowing narrator
18
Q
restricted
A
Not all-knowing
19
Q
Hollywood storyline
A
Linear; beginning, middle, end. Not too many plot lines, can have subplots. Emphasizing characters. Resolution/end goal 3/4 part structure
20
Q
Exposition
A
Establishing who, what, when, where, why
21
Q
4 act
A
Turning points between 1st and 2nd act. Tp in the middle, tp as climax, epilogue
22
Q
TP in the Hours
A
LB: kiss with kitty, decided to live, abandons family
VW: writing book, doesn’t kill Clarissa, kills poet
CV: throws party, mental break, Richie’s suicide
23
Q
2 part
A
Before and after
24
Q
Frame embedded
A
Story within a story
25
Episodic
A day in the life
26
Mise en scene
Setting, composition, lighting, human figure
27
Location vs. studio
Location is more expensive but more authentic
28
method acting
Dissolves into character on and off set
29
Personification
Script exploits actor’s features
30
Impersonation
Actor molds into script
31
Character actor
Small character in each film they appear
32
Hard lighting
From concentrated light source, casts parallel rays of light; deep shadows, contrast from light and dark, sun on clear sky is an example
33
Soft lighting
From diffused light source; gradient, slow fall off, minimize facial imperfections, sun on a cloudy day
34
slow fall off
Low contrast, soft shadow edges
35
fast fall off
High contrast, hard shadow edges
36
3 point lighting
Standard for Hollywood; key light, fill light, back light
37
High key lighting
Key/fill ratio is 2:1 provides even illumination, key light creates shadows, fill light eliminates shadow
38
natural lighting
Key/fill ratio 4:1-8:1 key light creates more intense shadow, fill can’t get rid of
39
Low key lighting
Key/fill ration 16:1-32:1 key light is intense, intense shadows- used in horror
40
Tight framing
Little visible space around main subjects
41
Loose framing
Lots of visible space around main objects
42
balanced composition
Symmetrical, even distribution of bright and dark areas; objects, figures, even colors, are evenly distributed across space
43
Unbalanced composition
Asymmetrical, unequal distribution of bright and dark areas; viewers eyes led to unsymmetrical object, asymmetry doesn’t always mean disorientation
44
rule of 3rds
For producing balance in composition (place subject in one of the four intersecting points)
45
Figure placement
Where actors are in relation to viewer/camera
Foreground: closer (more important)
Background: farther away (less important)
46
Camera height
Eye level shot, high angle shot, low angle shot, Dutch angle (camera leans to one side), overhead shot
47
Extra long shot
Subject is small relative to the environment
48
Pan
Turning into a camera left or right horizontally
Swish pan: quickly and blurred
49
Wide angle
Short focal length, wider angle of view, distance between fg and big appear greater, movement appears faster (zoom out)
50
telephoto
Large focal length, compresses distance of foreground and background, movement appears slower
51
Color filter
Absorbs certain wavelengths leaves others unaffected
52
neutral density
absorbs all wavelengths, less light strikes film stock
53
diffusion
Blends light, blurs image
54
star filter
Points of light streak outward from source
55
fog filter
Etched spots on glass surface, refracts light, misty effect
56
Over exposure
When more light than is required to produced an image
57
under exposure
when little too light strikes the emulsion
58
tinting and toning
Tinting: bathing length of developed film in dye
Toning: replaced silver halide with colored metal salts
59
pushing and pulling
Pushing: allowing a longer time in development
Pulling: underdeveloping
60
Forced development
Used when lighting levels are inadequate for normal exposures
61
scratching
Scraping the surface of the film to achieve the look of a home movie
62
bleach bypass
Leaving the silver grain’s in the emulsion layer rather than bleaching them out
63
Emulsion
A light sensitive chemical layer in which the image is formed
64
Genres and setting
Horror, romance, comedy are not dependent on setting
65
Long shot
Captures full figure
66
Medium long shot
From knees up
67
Medium shot
From waist up
68
Medium close up
From chest up
69
Close up
Closes in on one section of the body
70
Two shot
Close up in which 2 faces are visible
71
Extreme close up
Closes in on one body part
72
Tilt
Tipping a camera that’s fixed vertically
73
Dollies
Rolling platforms on which camera’s are mounted
74
crab dolly
A dolly with rotating wheels
75
Tracking shot
Moving camera on a dolly on a track
76
Handheld shots
Use easily, transportable
77
Stedicam
Minimizes shakiness
78
Base
The flexible support material
79
Gauge
The size of the field, measured horizontally
80
Speed
A measure of a stock’s sensitivity to light
81
Grain
The suspended particles of silver in the emulsion layer
82
Collage
Assortment of shots, joined together in a sequence, create meaning by playing images against each other
83
Cut
shot a ends shot b begins
84
Fade
Shot a fade to solid color, shot b gradually appears
85
Dissolve
Shot a disappears, shot a appears simultaneously, brief moment of 2 images
86
iris
Circular masks around subject in and out
87
Wipe
Shot b pushed shot a off screen
88
Narrative sequencing
Arrange shots to provide cohesive story
89
Elipses
Cut out unnecessary events
90
Continuity editing
Seamless movement of shots
91
Establishing shot
Establishes the space of action begins with long shot
92
Re-establishing shot
Re-establish space of action begins with close up
93
Shot-reverse shot
Other character shown looking back at character
94
eyeline match
Film editing technique based on premise of what character is looking at, same angle, not the same as a cutaway
95
Match on action
Technique where editor cuts from one shot to another view that matched first shot’s action; gives impression of continuous time
96
180 degree rule
Must film on one side of 180 degree line; disorients viewers
97
Jump cut
Violation of continuity; a ump of place or time without explanation
98
Subtext
Unstated meaning of spoken word
99
Line readin
How actor says line, influenced by pauses, emotion, intonation
100
on the nose dialogue
States the obvious
101
Human voice
Volume
(Loud or soft), pitch (sound frequency), speech characteristics (accent, diction, vocal tics), acoustics (how sound moves through space)
102
Sound effects
Establish setting, lend mood on environment, show setting’s impact on characters
103
characteristics of sound effects
Acoustics (how sound moves through space), volume (high or low), regularity (sound effects are sporadic; pay attention to consistency) verisimilitude (attempts to sound real)
104
Foley artists
People who make sound effects
105
Attributes of music
Patterns of development (repetition of musical themes), lyrics (filmmakers choose songs with relevant lyrics) tempo and volume (speed and loud or soft), instrumentation (what instruments were used), cultural significance (perpetuate stereotypes)
106
Contrapuntal uses
Music mood contradicts film mood
107
Functions of music
Dialogue and sound effects establish time/place, diegetic music can’t be anachronistic (but extra can), music can shape geography
108
Music and character
Diegetic-explains personality
Extra diegetic- can be motifs
109
Foreshadowing
Jerrold Livingston “fiction making”- tell viewers something about plot
