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Freshman Exams :,,) > Honors Final > Flashcards

Honors Final Flashcards

1
Q

Birth of a Nation

A

Controversial but highly influential and innovative silent film directed by D.W. Griffith. It demonstrated the power of film propaganda and revived the KKK.

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2
Q

Bosnia Genocide

A

Christian Serbs attempt to ethnically cleanse all of Eastern Europe by targeting Muslim minorities in the ’90s

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3
Q

Geneva Conventions

A

a series of international agreements that set rules for proper conduct toward sick and wounded enemy soldiers and the civilians who take care of them

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4
Q

Genocide

A

Deliberate extermination of a racial or cultural group

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5
Q

Human rights

A

the basic rights to which all people are entitled as human beings

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6
Q

Impunity

A

Freedom from punishment

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7
Q

International Criminal Court

A

A permanent tribunal for war crimes and crimes against humanity

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8
Q

Nativism

A

A policy of favoring native-born individuals over foreign-born ones

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9
Q

Peacekeeping

A

sending trained members of the military to crisis spots to maintain peace and order

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10
Q

Populism

A

the political doctrine that supports the rights and powers of the common people in their struggle with the privileged elite

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11
Q

Punitive justice

A

Laws that rely on punishment as a deterrent to criminal activity

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12
Q

reparations

A

As part of the Treaty of Versailles, Germany was ordered to pay fines to the Allies to repay the costs of the war. Opposed by the U.S., it quickly lead to a severe depression in Germany. Victims can claim reparations under article 75 of the Rome Statute

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13
Q

responsibility to protect (R2P)

A

Principle adopted by world leaders in 2005 holding governments responsible for protecting civilians from genocide and crimes against humanity perpetrated within a sovereign state

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14
Q

Rome statute

A

the treaty that established the International Criminal Court, codified crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide, and crimes of aggression

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15
Q

Hague

A

Location of the International Court of Justice, which rules on disputes between states.

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16
Q

UNAMIR

A

United Nations Assistance Mission in Rwanda

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17
Q

Universalism

A

the ethical system stating that all people should uphold certain values that society needs to function

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18
Q

war crimes

A

wartime acts of cruelty and brutality that are judged beyond the accepted rules of war and human behavior

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19
Q

Xenophobia

A

fear of foreigners

20
Q

Internally displaced people

A

Have not left country or state, forced to flee from homes but can’t get out of country, most vulnerable

21
Q

migrants

A

Appeal of economic betterment, can be seasonal

22
Q

refugee

A

Pushed out of their country, threat of violence from home state, refugee convention

23
Q

2011 uprising in Middle East

A

Direct threat to the population of Libya, “either I rule or I kill you” (President Muammar al-Qaddafi). Civil war happens in Libya after UN intervention

24
Q

UNSC Resolution 1973

A

On 17 March the Security Council adopted resolution 1973 (2011) which authorizes the use of force in Libya to protect civilians from attack.

25
Q

Elements of Democracy

A

Democracy is good for people and good for world peace
Regular elections, near universal suffrage, rule of law, secret balloting, civil liberties and political rights

26
Q

Marshall Islands

A

1,156 islands between Hawaii and Australia. Formed as a republic with self government. the US performed nuclear tests on the islands which led to forced migration. US has not taken responsibility but have $1 billion (restorative justice)

27
Q

Arab/Israel conflict

A

Suez Canal crisis 1956, blockade
Six day war: attacks between Arab and Israeli forces
Primorialism, religious aspect
Instrumentalism: othering Arabs and Jews
Ended with the Camp David Accords

28
Q

Israel/Palestine Conflict

A

1978-present
First Antifada, Second Antifada
Series of violence
UN presence as negotiator
Instrumental: leaders on both sides profiting
Disparity between Israel and Palestine

29
Q

Ukraine Conflict

A

Russia amasses troops on Ukraine border and they invade. War crime: deportation of children, civilian deaths, airstrikes on hospitals
Primordialism: ethnicity is fixed, based on deep attachment
Instrumental: created and exploited by leaders (Putin)

30
Q

Dayton Peace Accords

A

The Dayton Accords called for a federalized Bosnia and Herzegovina, in which 51 percent of the land would constitute a Croat-Bosniak federation and 49 percent a Serb republic.

31
Q

Bosnia Conflict

A

The Bosnian War was characterised by bitter fighting, indiscriminate shelling of cities and towns, ethnic cleansing, and systematic mass rape, mainly perpetrated by Serb, and to a lesser extent, Croat and Bosniak forces.

32
Q

Climate refugee

A

Climate migration is a subset of climate-related mobility that refers to primarily voluntary movement driven by the impact of sudden or gradual climate-exacerbated disasters, such as “abnormally heavy rainfalls, prolonged droughts, desertification, environmental degradation, or sea-level rise and cyclones.”

33
Q

Punitive Justice

A

punishment of crimes

34
Q

Truth and Friendship

A

A body established to investigate human rights violations committed by military, government, or other armed forces under the previous regime or during a civil war

35
Q

UNSC 688

A

allow access by international humanitarian organizations to the areas affected, requesting the Secretary-General to report on the Iraqi and Kurdish populations affected, using all resources possible to address the needs of the population. It also demanded Iraq co-operate with the Secretary-General and international organizations to assist in humanitarian aid efforts.

36
Q

UNSC 2043

A

The resolution resulted in the setting up of the United Nations Supervision Mission in Syria to observe the implementation of the Kofi Annan peace plan for Syria on the Syrian Civil War

37
Q

Instrumentalism

A

Ethnic identity is created to benefit people and help them achieve their goals

38
Q

Primordialism

A

Conflict is natural, derived from nature

39
Q

Constructivism

A

Society creates identity and makes them real

40
Q

Wealth gap

A

the disparity of cumulative assets across races and ethnicities

41
Q

victor’s justice

A

a distorted application of justice to the defeated party by the victorious party after an armed conflict

42
Q

Kosovo

A

The Kosovo War was an armed conflict in Kosovo that started 1998 and lasted until 1999. It was fought by the forces of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, which controlled Kosovo before the war, and the Kosovo Albanian rebel group known as the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA). The conflict ended when NATO intervened by beginning air strikes in March 1999 which resulted in Yugoslav forces withdrawing from Kosovo.

43
Q

Occupied Territories

A

The Palestinian territories are the two regions of the former British Mandate for Palestine that have been militarily occupied by Israel since the Six-Day War of 1967

44
Q

Restorative

A

healing victims, repairing harm

45
Q

Distributive

A

giving resources

46
Q

Procedural

A

implementing decisions according to fair process, consistency

Freshman Exams :,,) (9 decks)

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