circulation Flashcards
(116 cards)
1
Q
memory T cells
A
recognize the invader and start antibody production
2
Q
supressor T cells
A
will turn off the immune respose once the invasive agent is vanquished
3
Q
killer T cells
A
infectious cells or the body cells
4
Q
helper T cells
A
recognize the antigens on the invader and release chemicals to stimulate the macrophage, B cells and T cells into action
5
Q
memory B cells
A
remember the invasive agent so that after a second infection the immune respose will be faster
6
Q
plasma B cells
A
make antibodies which disables the invader pathogen
7
Q
T cells
A
helper T, killer T, suppressor T, and memory T cells
- mature in the thymus
8
Q
B cells
A
plasma B and memory B cells
- mature in the bone marrow
- lymphocytes
9
Q
histamine
A
chemical released by macrophage to call extra white blood cells and lymph to the area
10
Q
3rd defense
A
B+T cells
11
Q
2nd defense
A
macrophage, histamines
12
Q
rH
A
- red blood cell antigen protein
- rH+ can accept (+) and (-)
- rH- can only accept (-)
13
Q
blood type O
A
- no antigens
- both antibodies
14
Q
blood type AB
A
- A and B antigens
- no antibodies
15
Q
blood type B
A
- B antigens
- A antibodies
16
Q
blood type A
A
- A antigens
- B antibodies
17
Q
agglutination
A
clumped blood but on a smaller scale
18
Q
antibodies
A
- ‘y’ shaped
- target specific antigen
- carry invaders to cause agglutination
- can cross the placenta
19
Q
antigens
A
protein on the surface of the red blood cell
20
Q
platelets
A
- no nucleus
- have protein that reacts with calcium
- have thromboplastin inside
21
Q
leukocytes
A
- white blood cells make up 1% of blood
- help with immunity
- macrophage
- lymphocytes
22
Q
erthrocytes
A
- red blood cells
- are enuculated
- carry O2 and CO2 away from the tissues to the lungs
23
Q
blood cells
A
45% of blood
24
Q
plasma
A
- 55% of blood
- 90% water
- nutrients and wastes
- CO2 and O2
25
hematocrit
result of centrifuging a blood sample
26
macrophages
white blood cells
- less specialized
ex. graduated then go eat outsiders
27
lymphocytes
- stored in the lymph nodes
- is a white blood cell
- more specialized
- antibody production
28
lymph nodes
'reservoirs' for white blood cells to specialize in tasks
29
lymph fluid
- has no red blood cells
- has white cells
- has water
- has fats
- has dissolved waste and nutrients
30
lymphatic capillaries
- intertwined with circulatory capillaries to absorb excess ECF and return it to lymph vessels
structured LIKE veins
31
lymph vessels
run parallel to the circulatory system
- return fluid back to the vena cava
- has valves
32
lymphatic system
- part of immune system
- Produces and releases lymphocytes
33
albumin
- large proteins
- will NOT leave the capillary
- a plasma protein
- causes H2O to leave tissues and enter blood
34
osmotic pressure
the ability to draw water
35
interstitual fluid
solution of ions, nutrients and wastes around all cells
- also called extra cellular fluid
36
arterioles
- only allow blood flow to capillaries when the cells in one area are in need of more O2
37
hypotension
having low blood pressure
38
hypertension
having high blood pressure
39
baroreceptors
- in the aortic arch
- sense blood pressure
40
vasodilation
- decreasing the blood pressure within the artery
41
vasoconstriction
increasing the blood pressure within that artery
ex. covering hose to reach further
42
diastolic pressure
- low blood pressure
- pressure in arteries while the ventricles fill up (at rest)
43
systolic pressure
- high blood pressure
- when ventricles contract
44
blood pressure
the force blood exerts on the walls of the blood
45
stroke volume
amount of blood moved per heart pump
46
cardiac output
amount of blood pumped per minute
- measured in mL/min
47
tachycardia
condition in which heart rate is elevated beyond normal
48
AV node
- atrioventricular node
- signaled by the SA node
49
the SA (sinoatrial node)
- nerves
- control the rate of heart beat
- signals the AV node
50
venules
lead to the veins
- return blood to the heart for pulmonary circulation
51
capillaries
one cell thick vessels
52
arteries
carry blood away from the heart
- branch into arterioles
- thick elastic walls
- is how we get pulse recordings
53
blood vessels
- arteries
- capillaries
- venules
54
systemic circulation
directs oxygenated blood
55
pulmonary
blood is moving from the heart to the lungs to the heart
56
cardiac/coronary
movement of blood directly to the heart
57
circulation systems
- cardiac/coronary
- pulmonary
- systemic circulation
58
circulation
- moves oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to the body's cells
- removes wastes
59
recognize the invader and start antibody production
memory T cells
60
will turn off the immune respose once the invasive agent is vanquished
supressor T cells
61
infectious cells or the body cells
killer T cells
62
recognize the antigens on the invader and release chemicals to stimulate the macrophage, B cells and T cells into action
helper T cells
63
remember the invasive agent so that after a second infection the immune respose will be faster
memory B cells
64
make antibodies which disables the invader pathogen
plasma B cells
65
helper T, killer T, suppressor T, and memory T cells
- mature in the thymus
T cells
66
plasma B and memory B cells
- mature in the bone marrow
- lymphocytes
B cells
67
chemical released by macrophage to call extra white blood cells and lymph to the area
histamine
68
B+T cells
3rd defense
69
macrophage, histamines
2nd defense
70
- red blood cell antigen protein
- rH+ can accept (+) and (-)
- rH- can only accept (-)
rH
71
- no antigens
- both antibodies
blood type O
72
- A and B antigens
- no antibodies
blood type AB
73
- B antigens
- A antibodies
blood type B
74
- A antigens
- B antibodies
blood type A
75
clumped blood but on a smaller scale
agglutination
76
- 'y' shaped
- target specific antigen
- carry invaders to cause agglutination
- can cross the placenta
antibodies
77
protein on the surface of the red blood cell
antigens
78
- no nucleus
- have protein that reacts with calcium
- have thromboplastin inside
platelets
79
- white blood cells make up 1% of blood
- help with immunity
- macrophage
- lymphocytes
leukocytes
80
- red blood cells
- are enuculated
- carry O2 and CO2 away from the tissues to the lungs
erthrocytes
81
45% of blood
blood cells
82
- 55% of blood
- 90% water
- nutrients and wastes
- CO2 and O2
plasma
83
result of centrifuging a blood sample
hematocrit
84
white blood cells
- less specialized
ex. graduated then go eat outsiders
macrophages
85
- stored in the lymph nodes
- is a white blood cell
- more specialized
- antibody production
lymphocytes
86
'reservoirs' for white blood cells to specialize in tasks
lymph nodes
87
- has no red blood cells
- has white cells
- has water
- has fats
- has dissolved waste and nutrients
lymph fluid
88
- intertwined with circulatory capillaries to absorb excess ECF and return it to lymph vessels
structured LIKE veins
lymphatic capillaries
89
run parallel to the circulatory system
- return fluid back to the vena cava
- has valves
lymph vessels
90
- part of immune system
- Produces and releases lymphocytes
lymphatic system
91
- large proteins
- will NOT leave the capillary
- a plasma protein
- causes H2O to leave tissues and enter blood
albumin
92
the ability to draw water
osmotic pressure
93
solution of ions, nutrients and wastes around all cells
- also called extra cellular fluid
interstitual fluid
94
- only allow blood flow to capillaries when the cells in one area are in need of more O2
arterioles
95
having low blood pressure
hypotension
96
having high blood pressure
hypertension
97
- in the aortic arch
- sense blood pressure
baroreceptors
98
- decreasing the blood pressure within the artery
vasodilation
99
increasing the blood pressure within that artery
ex. covering hose to reach further
vasoconstriction
100
- low blood pressure
- pressure in arteries while the ventricles fill up (at rest)
diastolic pressure
101
- high blood pressure
- when ventricles contract
systolic pressure
102
the force blood exerts on the walls of the blood
blood pressure
103
amount of blood moved per heart pump
stroke volume
104
amount of blood pumped per minute
- measured in mL/min
cardiac output
105
condition in which heart rate is elevated beyond normal
tachycardia
106
- atrioventricular node
- signaled by the SA node
AV node
107
- nerves
- control the rate of heart beat
- signals the AV node
the SA (sinoatrial node)
108
lead to the veins
- return blood to the heart for pulmonary circulation
venules
109
one cell thick vessels
capillaries
110
carry blood away from the heart
- branch into arterioles
- thick elastic walls
- is how we get pulse recordings
arteries
111
- arteries
- capillaries
- venules
blood vessels
112
directs oxygenated blood
systemic circulation
113
blood is moving from the heart to the lungs to the heart
pulmonary
114
movement of blood directly to the heart
cardiac/coronary
115
- cardiac/coronary
- pulmonary
- systemic circulation
circulation systems
116
- moves oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to the body's cells
- removes wastes
circulation
