Circulation

Question 1

Medium sized arteries, contain smooth muscle fibers, distribution to organs.

Answer 1

Muscular arteries

Question 2

Small almost microscopic, artery that delivers blood to capillaries, smooth muscle helps regulate blood pressure.

Answer 2

Arteriole

Question 3

Microscopic vessels that connect are fooled to venules, permit exchange of nutrients and waste between the body’s cells and the blood.

Answer 3

Capillaries

Question 4

Carry blood back to the heart.

Answer 4

Veins

Question 5

Rings of smooth muscle at the point where capillaries branch from aterioles.

Answer 5

Pre-capillary sphincters

Question 6

Movement of substances in and out of capillaries.

Answer 6

Capillary exchange

Question 7

Pulls fluid into capillaries

Answer 7

Blood colloid osmotic pressure.

Question 8

Several capillaries untie, receive blood from capillaries and empty into veins.

Answer 8

Venules

Question 9

Thin weakened section of the wall of an artery or vein that bulges outward forming balloon like sac.

Answer 9

Aneurysm

Question 10

The volume of blood flowing back to the heart through systemic veins.

Answer 10

Venous return

Question 11

Venous return two mechanisms

Answer 11

Blood enters veins at very low pressure and skeletal muscle contractions.

Question 12

Opposition to blood flow due to restriction between blood and walls of blood vessels.

Answer 12

Vascular resistance

Question 13

Blood flow through vessels

Answer 13

From high pressure area to lower pressure area, that is down pressure gradient.

Question 14

Factors that regulate blood flow and blood pressure?

Answer 14

Blood volume and ventricular contraction and vascular resistance.

Question 15

Cardiovascular center location

Answer 15

In the medulla

Question 16

Cardiovascular center functions

Answer 16

Regulate heart rate, stroke volume ,blood pressure and blood flow to tissues.

Question 17

Cardiovascular center mechanisms

Answer 17

Neural mechanisms and hormonal mechanisms.

Question 18

Input to cardiovascular center function

Answer 18

To inform brain that BP should be altered.

Question 19

Input from cardiovascular center parts of the brain.

Answer 19

Cerebral cortex- thoughts decisions
Limbic system- emotions
Hypothalamus- changes in temp or blood volume

Question 20

Monitor movements of joints and muscles, provide input to cardiovascular center during physical activity.

Answer 20

Proprioceptors

Question 21

Located in aorta, internal carotid arteries, send impulses continuously to cardiovascular center to help regulate blood pressure?

Answer 21

Baroreceptors

Question 22

Located in choroid bodies and aorta, monitor blood levels of O2, CO2 and H+

Answer 22

Chemoreceptors

Question 23

Sends impulses to arterioles throughout body, result in moderate state of vasoconstriction called

Answer 23

Vasomotor tone

Question 24

When blood pressure falls

Produce hormone angiotensin II which raises blood pressure by causing vasoconstriction.

Answer 24

Renin-angiotensin- aldosterone system

Question 25

In response to sympathetic stimulation, the adrenal, these hormones increase cardiac output by increasing the rate and force of heart contractions.

Answer 25

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 26

Causes vasoconstriction which increases blood pressure for this reason ADH is also called?

Answer 26

Vasopressin

Question 27

Lowers blood pressure by causing vasodilation and promoting the loss of salt and water in the urine, which reduces blood volume

Answer 27

Atrial natriuetic peptide (ANP)

Question 28

Alternate expansion and elastic recoil of an artery after each contraction and relaxation of the left ventricle

Answer 28

Pulse

Question 29

Pulse sites

Answer 29

``` Radical artery ( thumb side of wrist) Carotid artery ( neck) Brachial artery (arm) ```

Question 30

Rapid resting heart rate > 100 bpm

Answer 30

Tachycardia

Question 31

Slow resting heart rate below 50 bpm

Answer 31

Bradycardia

Question 32

Device used to measure blood pressure?

Answer 32

Shygmomanometer

Question 33

Includes arteries and arterioles that carry blood containing oxygen and nutrients from left ventricle to systemic capillaries throughout the body.

Answer 33

Systemic circulation

Question 34

Carries blood from right side of heart to lungs to get O2 and eliminate CO2

Answer 34

Pulmonary circulation

Question 35

Vein that carries blood between one capillary network and another is called?

Answer 35

Portal veins

Question 36

Leaky capillaries in liver

Answer 36

Sinusoids

Question 37

Circulatory system of a fetus

Answer 37

Fetal circulation

Question 38

Volume blood from systemic veins and venules ?

Answer 38

64%

Question 39

Volume of blood in systemic arteries and arterioles

Answer 39

13%

Question 40

Blood volume in systemic capillaries

Answer 40

7%

Question 41

Blood volume in heart chambers

Answer 41

7%