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Anantomy > Circulation > Flashcards

Circulation Flashcards

1
Q

Medium sized arteries, contain smooth muscle fibers, distribution to organs.

A

Muscular arteries

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2
Q

Small almost microscopic, artery that delivers blood to capillaries, smooth muscle helps regulate blood pressure.

A

Arteriole

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3
Q

Microscopic vessels that connect are fooled to venules, permit exchange of nutrients and waste between the body’s cells and the blood.

A

Capillaries

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4
Q

Carry blood back to the heart.

A

Veins

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5
Q

Rings of smooth muscle at the point where capillaries branch from aterioles.

A

Pre-capillary sphincters

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6
Q

Movement of substances in and out of capillaries.

A

Capillary exchange

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7
Q

Pulls fluid into capillaries

A

Blood colloid osmotic pressure.

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8
Q

Several capillaries untie, receive blood from capillaries and empty into veins.

A

Venules

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9
Q

Thin weakened section of the wall of an artery or vein that bulges outward forming balloon like sac.

A

Aneurysm

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10
Q

The volume of blood flowing back to the heart through systemic veins.

A

Venous return

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11
Q

Venous return two mechanisms

A

Blood enters veins at very low pressure and skeletal muscle contractions.

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12
Q

Opposition to blood flow due to restriction between blood and walls of blood vessels.

A

Vascular resistance

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13
Q

Blood flow through vessels

A

From high pressure area to lower pressure area, that is down pressure gradient.

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14
Q

Factors that regulate blood flow and blood pressure?

A

Blood volume and ventricular contraction and vascular resistance.

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15
Q

Cardiovascular center location

A

In the medulla

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16
Q

Cardiovascular center functions

A

Regulate heart rate, stroke volume ,blood pressure and blood flow to tissues.

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17
Q

Cardiovascular center mechanisms

A

Neural mechanisms and hormonal mechanisms.

18
Q

Input to cardiovascular center function

A

To inform brain that BP should be altered.

19
Q

Input from cardiovascular center parts of the brain.

A

Cerebral cortex- thoughts decisions
Limbic system- emotions
Hypothalamus- changes in temp or blood volume

20
Q

Monitor movements of joints and muscles, provide input to cardiovascular center during physical activity.

A

Proprioceptors

21
Q

Located in aorta, internal carotid arteries, send impulses continuously to cardiovascular center to help regulate blood pressure?

A

Baroreceptors

22
Q

Located in choroid bodies and aorta, monitor blood levels of O2, CO2 and H+

A

Chemoreceptors

23
Q

Sends impulses to arterioles throughout body, result in moderate state of vasoconstriction called

A

Vasomotor tone

24
Q

When blood pressure falls

Produce hormone angiotensin II which raises blood pressure by causing vasoconstriction.

A

Renin-angiotensin- aldosterone system

25
Q

In response to sympathetic stimulation, the adrenal, these hormones increase cardiac output by increasing the rate and force of heart contractions.

A

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

26
Q

Causes vasoconstriction which increases blood pressure for this reason ADH is also called?

A

Vasopressin

27
Q

Lowers blood pressure by causing vasodilation and promoting the loss of salt and water in the urine, which reduces blood volume

A

Atrial natriuetic peptide (ANP)

28
Q

Alternate expansion and elastic recoil of an artery after each contraction and relaxation of the left ventricle

A

Pulse

29
Q

Pulse sites

A 
Radical artery ( thumb side of wrist)
Carotid artery ( neck)
Brachial artery (arm)
30
Q

Rapid resting heart rate > 100 bpm

A

Tachycardia

31
Q

Slow resting heart rate below 50 bpm

A

Bradycardia

32
Q

Device used to measure blood pressure?

A

Shygmomanometer

33
Q

Includes arteries and arterioles that carry blood containing oxygen and nutrients from left ventricle to systemic capillaries throughout the body.

A

Systemic circulation

34
Q

Carries blood from right side of heart to lungs to get O2 and eliminate CO2

A

Pulmonary circulation

35
Q

Vein that carries blood between one capillary network and another is called?

A

Portal veins

36
Q

Leaky capillaries in liver

A

Sinusoids

37
Q

Circulatory system of a fetus

A

Fetal circulation

38
Q

Volume blood from systemic veins and venules ?

A

64%

39
Q

Volume of blood in systemic arteries and arterioles

A

13%

40
Q

Blood volume in systemic capillaries

A

7%

41
Q

Blood volume in heart chambers

A

7%

Anantomy (12 decks)

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