Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Physiology > Circulation Post-Midterm > Flashcards

Circulation Post-Midterm Flashcards

(40 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Local (Intrinsic) Control of Blood Flow

A
  • important for critical organs

- > heart, brain and skeletal muscle during exercise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Nervous (Extrinsic) Control of Blood Flow

A
  • important for noncritical organs such as the kidney, splanchnic organs and resting skeletal muscle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Sympathetic innervation

A
  • innervates blood vessels and heart
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Parasympathetic Innervation

A
  • innervation of only the heart
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Vasomotor center

A
  • medulla oblongata
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Baroreceptor reflex stimulus

A
  • high pulsatile stretch and rise in blood pressure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Baroreceptors Location

A
  • carotid sinus and aortic arch
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Type of Receptor in Baroreceptor Reflex

A
  • stretch receptor

- > spray type nerve endings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Sensory pathway in baroreceptor reflex

A
  • IX, or glossopharyngeal gangion

- X, or aortic arch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

CNS in baroreceptor reflex

A
  • TS, or brain stem
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Motor pathway (efferent pathway) in baroreceptor reflex

A
  • ANS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Rapid Control of arterial pressure

A
  • baroreceptor reflex
  • chemoreceptor reflex
  • atrial reflex (volume reflex and Bainbridge Reflex)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

If blood pressure is high

A
  • baroreceptor impulses frequency is high
  • sympathetic outflow decreases
  • parasympathetic outflow decreases
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Baroreceptor Reflex

A
  • negative feedback
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When sympathetic outflow decreases

A
  1. arterial pressure increases
  2. Baroreceptor impulses frequency increases
  3. Vasomotor Center (medulla oblongata) decreases
  4. Sympathetic nerve activity decreases
    - heart rate decreases
  5. Stroke Volume decreases
    - cardiac output decreases
  6. Vascular Resistance Decreases
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When parasympathetic outflow increases

A
  1. arterial pressure increases
  2. Baroreceptor impulses frequency increases
  3. Vasomotor Center (medulla oblongata) decreases
  4. Vagus Nerve Increases
  5. heart rate decreases
  6. cardiac output decreases
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

If blood pressure is low

Study These Flashcards
A
  • baroreceptor impulse frequency decreases
  • sympathetic outflow increases
  • parasympathetic outflow decreases
18
Q

When sympathetic outflow increases

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. arterial pressure decreases
  2. Baroreceptor impulses frequency decreases
  3. Vasomotor Center (medulla oblongata) increases
  4. Sympathetic nerve activity increases
    - heart rate increases
  5. Stroke Volume increases
    - cardiac output increases
  6. Vascular Resistance increases
19
Q

When parasympathetic outflow decreases

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. arterial pressure decreases
  2. Baroreceptor impulses frequency decreases
  3. Vasomotor Center (medulla oblongata) increases
  4. Vagus Nerve decreases
  5. heart rate increases
  6. cardiac output increases
20
Q

Chemoreceptor Reflex stimulus

Study These Flashcards
A
  • sensitive to oxygen lack

- carbon dioxide and H+ excess

21
Q

Chemoreceptors in Chemoreceptor Reflex

Study These Flashcards
A
  • have a low sensibility
  • > detect lower blood pressures
  • blood perfusion of the carotid bodies
22
Q

Atrial Reflex and Kidneys (Volume Reflex)

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. inc in atrial stretch
  2. inc in ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide) and AA (afferent arteriole) dilation
  3. Inc in GFR (glomerular filtration rate)
  4. Dec in ADH secretion from hypothalamus
  5. dec in reabsorpsion of water
  6. Increase in diuresis (urine production)
23
Q

Atrial Reflex and Heart (Bainbridge Reflex)

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Inc venous return and preload
  2. Inc atrial pressure
  3. Sensory pathway (vagus nerve)
  4. Medulla oblongata
  5. Motor pathway ANS
  6. inc heart rate and strength
24
Q

Renin-Angiotensin-aldosterone System stimulus

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Na+ depletion
  • hypotension (low bp)
  • increased sympathetic activity
  • inc in plasma K+
25
Arterial pressure
- regulated by cardiac output and peripheral resistance
26
Renin-Angiotensin-aldosterone System Steps
1. Liver - releases angiotensinogen 2. Kidney - releases renin - renin (enzyme) stimulates angiotensinogen 3. angiotensinogen -> angiotensin 1 4. angiotensin converting enzyme converts angiotensin 1 -> angiotensin 2 5. Angiotensin 2 stimulates the cardiovascular system - vasoconstriction -> in blood pressure 6. Angiotensin 2 stimulates adrenal cortex produces aldosterone 7. aldosterone targets the kidney and causes salt and H20 retention - inc blood pressure
27
Long Term Regulation of Blood pressure
- renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
28
Relationship between the blood pressure and the kidney functions
- when the arterial pressure rises, the urine volume increases - > pressure diuresis and pressure natriuresis increases - inc in urine volume leads to a reduction in blood volume and arterial pressure
29
Cardiac Output
- stroke volume x heart rate
30
Maintains the stroke volume during exercise despite the decreased filling ventricles time when HR is high
1. Increase the stroke volume by reducing the end systolic volume 2. Venous return
31
Increase stroke volume by reducing the end systolic volume
- increase contractility | - increase sympathetic nervous activity mediated by catecholamines acting on B1 adrenoceptors
32
Venous Return
- venoconstriction promotes mobilization of splenic blood volume - It is also promoted by the skeletal muscle activity and the thorax pump - frank starling mechanism and increased preload
33
Blood flow redistribution during exercise
- splanchnic vasoconstriction (sympathetic effect) and skeletal muscle local vasodilation - amount of blood heart receives barely changes
34
The heart O2 and CO2 distribution during exercise
- O2 flows to the peripheral circulation (muscles) - CO2 flows to the pulmonary circulation (lungs) - increase in SV and HR
35
Blood pressure Equation
- cardiac output x total peripheral resistance (TPR)
36
Blood pressure change during Submaximal Exercise
- systemic blood pressure is relatively constant due to baroreceptor reflex
37
Blood pressure change during Maximal Exercise
- significant increase in blood pressure - However, the balance between an increase in cardiac output and reduction of TPR due to an increase in the skeletal muscle blood flow contribute to regulate the rise of blood pressure during maximal exercise
38
Pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary arterial pressure at rest
- pulmonary vascular resistance is higher | - pulmonary arterial pressure is lower
39
Pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary arterial pressure during exercise
- pulmonary vascular resistance is lower | - pulmonary arterial pressure is higher
40
Elevated Pulmonary Arterial Pressure during exercise causes
- reduces vascular resistance - elevates vascular conductance - increases pulmonary capillary volume

Physiology (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions