Circulatory System

Question 1

What are the four functions of the circulatory system?

Answer 1

1. Transport materials to cells
2. Transport wastes from cells
3. Maintain constant body temperature
4. Fight disease

Question 2

What three materials do cells need?

Answer 2

1. Oxygen
2. Nutrients: sugar, amino acids
3. Hormones

Question 3

What two wastes are transported from cells?

Answer 3

1. Urea
2. Carbon dioxide

Question 4

The heart acts as a ______ pump.

Answer 4

A: double

Question 5

How does the heart act as a double pump?

Answer 5

A: one side pumps oxygen-rich blood and the other pumps oxygen-poor blood

Question 6

What is the heart beat controlled by?

Answer 6

A: pacemaker

Question 7

What are valves?

Answer 7

A: flaps of tissue

Question 8

Where are valves found?

Answer 8

A: in the heart

Question 9

What do valves do?

Answer 9

A: keep the blood from flowing backwards

Question 10

What is the sac surrounding the heart?

Answer 10

A: pericardium

Question 11

What two things does the pericardium do?

Answer 11

1. Protects the heart
2. Lubricates the heart

Question 12

What is blood?

Answer 12

A: a fluid tissue

Question 13

What does blood do?

Answer 13

A: carry things to and from cells

Question 14

What does blood carry to and away from the heart?

Answer 14

A: oxygen, nutrients like sugar and amino acids, hormones, wastes

Question 15

What percentage of blood is your body mass?

Answer 15

A: 7%

Question 16

How many liters of blood are there in an adult human body?

Answer 16

A: 4-6L

Question 17

What are the four parts of blood?

Answer 17

1. Plasma
2. Red blood cells
3. White blood cells
4. Platelets

Question 18

What does plasma do?

Answer 18

A: liquid that carries everything

Question 19

What do red blood cells do?

Answer 19

A: carry oxygen

Question 20

What do white blood cells do?

Answer 20

A: fight infection

Question 21

What do platelets do?

Answer 21

A: make clotting possible

Question 22

What percent of blood is plasma?

Answer 22

A: 55%

Question 23

What is the most numerous cell in the body?

Answer 23

A: red blood cells

Question 24

What is the shape of red blood cells?

Answer 24

A: disc shaped and thinner in the center

Question 25

Where are red blood cells produced?

Answer 25

A: in the red marrow of long bones

Question 26

Where are red blood cells destroyed?

Answer 26

A: in the liver and spleen

Question 27

What do red blood cells contain? What is its job?

Answer 27

A: hemoglobin, which carries oxygen to cells

Question 28

How long do red blood cells live for?

Answer 28

A: 120-125 days

Question 29

How many red blood cells are in one drop of blood?

Answer 29

A: 5 million

Question 30

What type of cell has different types?

Answer 30

A: white blood cells

Question 31

There are _____ white blood cells than red blood cells.

Answer 31

A: fewer

Question 32

How do white blood cells fight disease?

Answer 32

A: forming antibodies and engulfing bacteria

Question 33

What three materials make puss?

Answer 33

1. Dead tissue 2. White blood cells 3. Dead bacteria

Question 34

What are the three types of blood vessels?

Answer 34

1. Arteries 2. Veins 3. Capillaries

Question 35

What direction do arteries carry blood?

Answer 35

A: away from the heart

Question 36

Arteries _____ blood when cut.

Answer 36

A: spurt

Question 37

All arteries carry oxygenated blood beside the _________ arteries.

Answer 37

A: pulmonary

Question 38

Arteries are _____ walled and _______.

Answer 38

A: thick, elastic

Question 39

What is pulse?

Answer 39

A: the expansion and contraction of artery walls due to heart beat

Question 40

What direction do veins carry blood?

Answer 40

A: toward the heart

Question 41

What do veins contain?

Answer 41

A: valves

Question 42

Most veins carry ________ blood.

Answer 42

A: deoxygenated

Question 43

What do veins depend on for blood flow?

Answer 43

A: muscle movement

Question 44

What do capillaries connect?

Answer 44

A: arteries to veins

Question 45

How big are capillaries?

Answer 45

A: microscopic: one cell thick walls

Question 46

What are capillaries the site of?

Answer 46

A: exchange between blood and cells

Question 47

What do lymph vessels do?

Answer 47

A: collect blood that leaks out of blood vessels

Question 48

What do major lymph vessels have?

Answer 48

A: lymph nodes

Question 49

What do lymph nodes contain?

Answer 49

A: white blood cells

Question 50

What do white blood cells in lymph nodes do?

Answer 50

A: filter bacteria and dead cells from the lymph

Question 51

What are seven causes of high blood pressure?

Answer 51

1. Excess sodium intake 2. Stress 3. Cigarettes (nicotine) 4. Saturated fats 5. Alcohol and caffeine 6. Obesity 7. Heredity and aging

Question 52

What is the medical term for “heart attack”?

Answer 52

A: myocardial infarction

Question 53

What is the medical term for “high blood pressure”?

Answer 53

A: hypertension

Question 54

What is the medical term for “low blood pressure”?

Answer 54

A: hypotension

Question 55

What is the medical term for “clot in the brain”?

Answer 55

A: stroke

Question 56

What is the medical term for “severe chest pain”?

Answer 56

A: angina pectoris

Question 57

What is the medical term for “sickle shaped red blood cells”?

Answer 57

A: sickle cell anemia

Question 58

What is the medical term for “very low red blood count”?

Answer 58

A: anemia

Question 59

What is the medical term for “cancer of the blood and elevated white blood cell count”?

Answer 59

A: leukemia

Question 60

What is the medical term for “enlargement of veins”?

Answer 60

A: varicose veins

Question 61

What is the medical term for “irregularities of the heart rhythm”?

Answer 61

A: arrhythmias

Question 62

What is the medical term for “no clotting factor in the blood”?

Answer 62

A: hemophilia