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Human Physiology > Muscular System > Flashcards

Muscular System Flashcards

(44 cards)

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1
Q

What are the four things the muscular system helps with?

A
  1. Move
  2. Pump blood
  3. Digest food
  4. Maintain body temperature
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2
Q

What percentage of body weight is muscle?

A

A: more than 50%

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3
Q

What are the two things muscles are made up of?

A
  1. Proteins
  2. Water
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4
Q

About how many muscles are there in the human body?

A

A: 650

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5
Q

What three things do muscles enable us to do?

A
  1. Move
  2. Maintain posture
  3. Generate heat
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6
Q

What are the three types of muscles?

A
  1. Cardiac
  2. Skeletal
  3. Smooth
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7
Q

Where are skeletal muscles found?

A

A: in limbs

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8
Q

Are skeletal muscles striated?

A

A: yes

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9
Q

How many nuclei are in one cell of a skeletal muscle?

A

A: three

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10
Q

Are skeletal muscles involuntary or voluntary?

A

A: voluntary

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11
Q

How are most skeletal muscles attached to bones?

A

A: by tendons

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12
Q

What are the four things skeletal muscles do?

A
  1. Move
  2. Maintain posture
  3. Generate heat
  4. Stabilize joints
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13
Q

Where are cardiac muscles found?

A

A: in the heart of

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14
Q

Are cardiac muscles striated?

A

A: yes

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15
Q

How many nuclei does one cell in a cardiac muscle contain?

A

A: one

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16
Q

Are cardiac muscles involuntary or voluntary?

A

A: involuntary

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17
Q

What is the main muscle of the heart?

A

A: cardiac muscle

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18
Q

What muscle is only found in the heart?

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A

A: cardiac muscle

19
Q

What is the pumping mass of the heart?

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A

A: cardiac muscle

20
Q

Cardiac muscle is ________ in humans.

21
Q

Cardiac muscle makes the heart always ________ to its full extent.

22
Q

Where is smooth muscle found?

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A

A: in the walls of hollow internal organs

23
Q

Are smooth muscles striated?

24
Q

Are smooth muscles involuntary or voluntary?

Study These Flashcards
A

A: involuntary

25
Where does the energy for muscle contractions come from?
A: the mitochondria of the muscle cells
26
What do the mitochondria require?
A: oxygen
27
When muscles are overworked, can they still get some energy without oxygen? What does this produce?
A: yes, lactic acid
28
What does lactic acid do?
A: produces a burning sensation
29
What does the burning sensation that lactic acid produces do?
A: forces you to relax your muscles
30
What is ALS?
A: a nervous system disease
31
What does ALS affect?
A: nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord
32
What does ALS cause?
A: loss of muscle control
33
What is ALS sometimes referred to as?
A: Lou Gehrig’s disease
34
What is fibromyalgia?
A: chronic pain in muscles and bones
35
What is an affect of fibromyalgia?
A: the brain nerves misinterpret or overreact to normal pain signals
36
What might cause fibromyalgia?
A: chemical imbalance in the brain
37
What is a sprain?
A: stretches or tears in ligaments
38
What is a strain?
A: stretches or tears in muscles or tendons
39
What is muscular dystrophy?
A: a group of diseases
40
What does muscular dystrophy cause?
A: weakness and loss of muscle
41
In muscular dystrophy, ________ genes (mutations) interfere with the production of ________ needed to form healthy muscle.
A: abnormal, proteins
42
What is ALS? What does it affect? What does it cause? What is an alternative name for it?
A: a nervous system disease. Nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. Loss of muscle control. Lou Gehrig’s disease.
43
What is fibromyalgia? What does it do? What is it caused by?
A: chronic pain in muscles and bones. The brain misinterprets and overreacts to normal pain signals. Chemical imbalance in the brain.
44
What is muscular dystrophy? What does it cause? How is it caused?
A: a group of diseases. Weakness and loss of muscle. Abnormal genes interfere with the production of proteins needed to form healthy muscle.

Human Physiology (9 decks)

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