Circulatory System

Question 1

What muscle is in the heart?

Answer 1

Cardiac muscles

Question 2

How many chambers does the heart have? Name then.

Answer 2

4 chambers,

Right atrium
Left atrium
Right ventricle
Left ventricle

Question 3

Which chamber has the thickest wall and why?

Answer 3

The left ventricle has the thickest wall because it needs to pump a lot of oxygenated blood to the rest of the body through the aorta.

Question 4

How does blood enter the heart?

Answer 4

Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium by the superior and inferior venacava

Question 5

Where does blood come from in the superior vencava?

Answer 5

Blood from the upper body

Question 6

Where dies blood come from in the inferior venacava?

Answer 6

Blood from the lower part of the body through

Question 7

Explain the process of blood passing though the heart.

Answer 7

1. Delxygenated blood from the inferior and superior venacava enters the right artium.
2. Blood from RA goes to RV through the triscuspid valve.
3. Blood from RV goes to the lungs for oxygen through a blood vessel called pulmonary artery.
4. Blood then comes back from the lungs, oxygenated, and goes to the LV through the bicuspid valve.
5. Oxygenated blood in the LV goes to different parts of the body through a blood vessel called the aorta.

Question 8

What are the 3 valves and their functions?

Answer 8

Tricuspid valve- prevents back flow of blood
Bicuspid valve- allows flow of blood from the LA to LV only
Semi-Luna - allows blood to flow in one direction
* from LV to different parts of the body through the aorta
* From RV to lungs

Question 9

What is the other name for bicuspid valve?

Answer 9

Mitral valve

Question 10

What is double circulation?

Answer 10

When the heart contracts and relaxes, blood is passing through the heart two times.

Question 11

What are the two main types of circulation?

Answer 11

Pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation

Question 12

What are the 3 types of blood cells?

Answer 12

Red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets

Question 13

What are the other names for the 3 types of blood cells

Answer 13

RBC- Eyrthrocyes
WBC- Leucocytes
Platelets- Thrombocytes

Question 14

What’s the functional difference between arteries and the pulmonary artery?

Answer 14

All arteries transport oxygenated blood except pulmonary artery

Question 15

What’s the functional difference between veins and the pulmonary vein?

Answer 15

All van transport deoxygenated blood except for the pulmonary brain which transports oxygenated blood.

Question 16

Why is blood red in colour?

Answer 16

It has pigment called haemoglobin

Question 17

What is the purpose for each blood cell?

Answer 17

RBC- responsible for transporting oxygen using haemoglobin
WBC- fight infections
Platlets- help with clotting

Question 18

What happens when there is a shortage of each blood cell?

Answer 18

RBC- leads to fatigue
WBC- make a person more vulnerable to illness
Platlets- if an injury to blood vessels occurs then the blood won’t be able to clot which will cause further damage like bleeding or bruising.

Question 19

What is blood plasma?

Answer 19

Liquid part of blood, 90% of plasma is water and the other 10% are irons. It transports nutrients to the body.

Question 20

What do blood vessels do?

Answer 20

Travels blood to the body

Question 21

Explain oxygen exchange in blood vessels.

Answer 21

This is where the oxygenated blood from the artistries comes into the cappilaries, in the capillaries a process called diffusion occurs where the oxygen gets diffused into cells. Then cells then diffuse waste out of the capillaries so the waste then comes out of the cells and goes back into the blood to will travel back through the veins to breathe it out.

Question 22

Which valve is found at the exit of the aorta?

Answer 22

Semi-Luna valve.

Question 23

Which protein in red blood cells binds with oxygen?

Answer 23

Haemoglobin

Question 24

Do white blood cells have nuclei?

Answer 24

Yes due to their role in the immune system

Question 25

What is systemic circulation? And what part of the heart plays a major role in it?

Answer 25

Systemic circulation carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body. The left side of the heart has a major role in it as it holds oxygenated blood.

Question 26

What is pulmonary circulation? What part of the heart plays a major role in it?

Answer 26

Pulmonary circulation carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs. The right side of the heart and pulmonary arteries and veins play a major role in this as it holds deoxygenated blood and carries it to the lungs.

Question 27

What is systole and diastole?

Answer 27

Systole is when the heart contracts and pumps blood out and diastole is when the heart relaxes and fills with blood.

Question 28

Why is double circulation important?

Answer 28

It ensures efficient oxygen delivery and waste removal.

Question 29

What is the circulatory system?

Answer 29

It delivers oxygen and nutrients to the body and removes waste

Question 30

What are the differences between arteries and veins?

Answer 30

Arteries have a thicker wall and veins have valves in them.

Question 31

Difference between arteries and veins when traveling blood.

Answer 31

Arteries can push blood around the body, but veins are floppier- they rely on muscle movement and valves to help push blood back to the heart.

Question 32

Differences between Artioles and Venules

Answer 32

Arterioles branch off arteries, carry lung oxygenated blood toward the capillaries, away from the heart. Venules branch off veins, carrying deoxygenated blood away from the capillaries and back to the heart.

Question 33

Why do capillaries have thin walls?

Answer 33

For nutrients and gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) to cross easily.