Respiratory System Flashcards
(18 cards)
What is the purpose of the respiratory system
Captures and deliver oxygen and removes carbon dioxide.
What’s in the upper respiratory system?
Nostril and nasal cavity
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
What’s in the lower respiratory system?
Diaphragm
Lungs
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Alveoli
What is the role of the nose and nasal cavity?
To draw air in and warm it to body temperature
What is the role of the pharynx?
It is the throat, acts as a passageway for air to enter the lungs and for food to enter the esophagus (digestive system)
What is the role of Larynx?
Contains vocal cords and acts as a voice box. It directs air into lungs and has a flap of skin called epiglottis that closes to prevent food from entering the windpipe.
What’s the role of trachea (windpipe)?
Lined with cells that trap dust and bacteria to prevent them from entering the lungs.
Role of diaphragm?
A dom shaped muscle beneath the lungs, contracts when breathing in, creating a vacuum to suck air in and forces air out when relaxes.
What is the role of bronchi?
Main airways for the lungs.
What is the role of bronchioles?
Smaller airways that branch into alveoli
What is the role of alveoli?
Tiny balloon like air sacs that have a rich supply of capillaries that important for gas exchange.
What is gas exchange?
During gas exchange oxygen moves from the alveoli to the heart then to the bloodstream. At the same time carbon dioxide comes into the heart from the bloodstream. The heart pumps it to the lungs which thing goes out to the alveoli then breathe out. Capillaries diffuse oxygen and carobn dioxide to transport energy into cells and transport deoxygenated blood to the heart.
What two muscles contract in inhalation?
Diaphragm and intercostal muscles.
What is the mechanism of inhalation?
The mechanism of inhalation is when your respiratory muscles contract. Your diaphragm and intercostal muscles which flattens the diaphragm and lifts the upward and outwards. These movements increase volume of thoracic (chest) cavity which decreases pressure. Air then rushes in.
What is the mechanism of exhalation?
When the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax (diaphragm goes back to dom shape), the volume of the thoracic cavity increases and pressure decreases and air rushes out.
What are the 3 stages in the respiratory system?
- Inhalation
- Gas transport
- Exhalation
What is the correct order from large to smallest for the tubes through which air enters your lungs?
Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles
What is the effect on heart rate and respiration rate and depth after exercise.
Your heart and respiration rate increases to deliver more oxygen rich blood to your muscles and gets rid of any carbon dioxide. This happens by the heart beating faster to increase blood flow and your breathing rate increases to allow more air to enter the lungs.
