circulatory system

Question 1

describe arteries

Answer 1

carry blood from heart to tissue 
thick muscle 
quite thick elastic layer
thin endothelium
no valves

Question 2

describe veins

Answer 2

carry blood tissues to heart
thin muscle and elastic layer
valves

Question 3

describe arterioles

Answer 3

carry blood under lower pressure to tissues
quite thick muscle 
thick elastic layer
thin endothelium 
no valves

Question 4

describe capillaries

Answer 4

exchange metabolic substances with cells
no valves
narrow lumen
walls consist mainly of lining layer
narrow diameter

Question 5

link structure to function of artery

Answer 5

muscular walls - can change blood flow/ pressure. muscles vasoconstrict to reduce diameter of lumen or vasodilate to increase diameter of lumen
elastic tissue= allows stretching, smooths out blood flow, maintains pressure. when ventricles contract elastic tissue stretched
endothelium smooth reduces friction

Question 6

whats blood plasma

Answer 6

fluid that bathes blood cells inside capillaries. same as tissue fluid but with large proteins

Question 7

whats tissue fluid

Answer 7

fluid that’s left capillaries and bathes cells. contains glucose amino acids and fatty acids. how materials are exchanged with cells.

Question 8

how does tissue fluid provide cells with materials

Answer 8

ventricles contract causes high hydrostatic pressure forces water out of capillaries. most tissue fluid returns to capillary after materials exchanged. this is helped by large proteins in capillary. proteins lower water potential causing water to move back into capillary via osmosis and other substances move in by diffusion.
remainder of fluid carried back by lymphatic system which is moved by hydrostatic pressure and contraction of body muscles. drains back to veins near heart

Question 9

whats a tissue organ and organ system

Answer 9

tissue= several types of cell working together
organ= different tissues working together
organ system= different organs working together

Question 10

whats mass transport in circulatory system

Answer 10

large organisms need transport system of blood as they have too small a sa to volume ratio

Question 11

whats hepatic artery/vein

whats hepatic portal vein

Answer 11

hepatic artery/vein= carry blood to and from the liver

hepatic portal vein = carry blood from stomach and intestines to the liver