Mitosis

Question 1

What is mitosis

Answer 1

Division of a cell that results in two daughter cells that are genetically identical to each other and the parent cell. used for growth differentiation and repair

Question 2

what are the stages

Answer 2

interphase prophase metaphase anaphase telophase

Question 3

describe what happens in interphase

Answer 3

G1 phase organelles synthesised, cell grows
synthesis phase DNA replicated through semi xconservative rep, dna doubled but chromosome number same.
G2 phase organelles grow energy stores increase
cell in interphase for short time means fast division

Question 4

describe prophase

Answer 4

chromosomes condense become visible
chromosomes appear as chromatids joined by centromere
nuclear envelope disintegrates
spindle fibres develop from centrioles
nucleolus disappears

Question 5

describe metaphase

Answer 5

spindle fibres already formed
chromosome attaches to spindle fibre by the centromere
chromosomes line up at the equator of the cell

Question 6

describe anaphase

Answer 6

centromere splits
sister chromatids separate
pulled to opposite poles of the cell

Question 7

describe telophase

Answer 7

nuclear envelope reforms
spindles disintegrate
chromosomes uncoil and become thinner

Question 8

describe cytokinesis

Answer 8

cytoplasm divides

Question 9

how do prokaryotic cells divide

Answer 9

binary fission
circular DNA molecule replicates and both copies attach to the cell membrane
plasmids replicate
cell membrane grows between two dna molecules
cell membrane pinches in between the two dna molecules dividing the cytoplasm
new cell wall forms between the 2 dna molecules

Question 10

what is cancer in relation to mitosis

Answer 10

uncontrollable cell division. genes that regulate mitosis become damaged
drugs usually slow/ stop mitosis stop dna replicating or spindles forming

Question 11

role of spindle fibres

Answer 11

pull chromatids apart

for the centromeres to attach to