CIS rapid fire

Question 1

where is adenocarcinoma not found?

what is this kind of cancer?

Answer 1

Testicular

seminoma or germ cell origin

Question 2

cancer of the breast arises from what?

Answer 2

malignant transformation of precursor terminal duct lobular unit (TDLU)

Question 3

Benign tumors arising from skeletal muscles are what?

Answer 3

Rhabdomyomas

Question 4

young person has lesion in the cerebellar vermis, perinephric and vascular lesion in the retina.. what is it?

Answer 4

VHL –> pheochromocytoma and Renal cArcinoma

Question 5

most cancers are what?

Answer 5

sporadic and epithelial in origin

Question 6

spindle cell components mean what kind of cancer?

Answer 6

mesenchymal –> sarcoma

Question 7

Squamous cell carcinoma is found where?

Answer 7

Esophagus

Question 8

fibrosarcoma is what translocation?

what genes are associated with it?

Answer 8

12;15

ETV6-NTRK3

Question 9

someone has iron deficiency and anemia, what cancer?

Answer 9

large bowel –> bleeding from the mucosa.

Question 10

carcinoma in-situ is best characterized as…

Answer 10

pre-neoplastic

Question 11

borderline cancers are what?

Answer 11

cancers we are not sure what happens.

Question 12

substrate, what’s the most likely cancer?

oral

lung

liver

spleen

prostate

breast

Answer 12

squamous

adenocarcinoma, then squamous cell

hepatocellualr carcinoma

no common cancer

adenocarcinoma

Question 13

what might you see as a marker for squamous cell carcinoma?

Answer 13

keratin!

Question 14

Chondroid Hamartoma is what?

Answer 14

a cartilaginous tumor

Question 15

Pelvis (of the kidney), Ureter, and bladder are what kind of cancers?

what about the kidney?

Answer 15

they are transitional epithelium so they are UROTHELIAL transitional cell cancers

adenocarcinomas!

Question 16

big mass in the abdomen as well as other focal stuff in a whole different system?

Answer 16

think a syndromic tumor.

Question 17

big mass in the abdomen as well as other focal stuff in a whole different system?

Answer 17

think a syndromic tumor.

Question 18

giant plates are what?

Answer 18

bernard soulier

Question 19

giant granules in neutrophils?

Answer 19

chediak Hidashi

Question 20

homogenous IF, what is it?

Answer 20

LUPUS!

Question 21

why would someone with lupus possibly come in with a stroke?

Answer 21

because of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome –> antibodies are going to create thrombotic stuff –> can give you a stroke, coronary artery disease, or distal gangrene

Question 22

Primary vs secondary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome?

Answer 22

primary = just antiphospholipid

secondary = this + lupus

Question 23

what is Libman-Sacks endocarditis composed of?

Answer 23

fibrin

Question 24

why might someone with lupus present with swollen ankles?

Answer 24

diffuse lupus nephritis –> proteinuria and hematuria.

Question 25

fraternal sister gives a renal transplant, odds of HLA match?

Answer 25

1:4 chance --> 2 copies from mom, 2 from dad. they're just a sibling.

Question 26

someone has a kidney transplant and they start to have deteriorating function of their kidney, and it's rejected, what should you do?

Answer 26

C4d stain --> acute antibody-mediated rejection.

Question 27

what is low in Ataxia Telangiectasia? what is high?

Answer 27

low IgA and IgG, but high IgM

Question 28

what would not involve a pimrary defect in B lymphocyte lineage?

Answer 28

hyper IgM, that's from CD40 problem, no isotope switching.

Question 29

what does viral set point predict?

Answer 29

CD4 loss. higher viral count, quicker CD4 depletion will occur.

Question 30

first detectable thing to be positive in an HIV test?

Answer 30

NAT --> (DNA)

Question 31

what gene should a drug target to inhibit attachment of HIV to the host cell? what about the integrase functions?

Answer 31

env pol

Question 32

what does a negative TB test indicate?

Answer 32

anergy! there is lack of an immune response

Question 33

primary effusion lymphoma, what should you be thinking?

Answer 33

EBV

Question 34

Sjogren looks like what on immunofluorescence?

Answer 34

speckled (anti-ro or anti la)

Question 35

lacrimal and salivary gland enlargement, what staining could you do to double check this?

Answer 35

IgG4

Question 36

there's a cancer of plasma cells, what is the disease going to be called?

Answer 36

a myeloma

Question 37

kid walks normally, but then refuses to walk.. what's the problem?

Answer 37

Rickets!

Question 38

onset renal failure, what environmental toxin comes to mind?

Answer 38

Cadmium --> itai itai renal tubular damage

Question 39

what screening would you do for someone with lead poisoning? what do their RBCs look like?

Answer 39

heavy metal screen hypo chromic microcytic anemia

Question 40

someone has a severe blood loss accompanied by an abortion, what's the drug they were using?

Answer 40

cocaine! severe loss of blood flow to the placenta --> fetal hypoxia

Question 41

Arsenic poisoning gives us what phenotypic features?

Answer 41

tingling and pain in hands and feet darkly pigmented skin all over body (hyperpigmentation/hyperkeratosis) mees lines

Question 42

Vitamin B12 gives you what problems?

Answer 42

parasthesia feeling tired and having a yellow tinge MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA

Question 43

burning more than 20% gives you what

Answer 43

shock

Question 44

rhogam administration is for what?

Answer 44

treating immune mediated anemia in fetal hydrops

Question 45

antiphospholipid antibody syndrome presence with what in moms?

Answer 45

MISCARRIAGES