Class 3 Flashcards
What is personality?
Our thoughts, feelings, ways of thinking about things, beliefs, and behaviors.
What is Freud’s theory about personality?
Suggested that human behavior is motivated by the libido and death instinct.
***see definition about these!
What did Freud propose about the human psyche?
The id, the ego, and the superego
What is the id?
Largely unconscious and responsible for drives to avoid pain and seek pleasures
What is the go?
Responsible for logical thinking and planning
What is the superego?
Responsible for our moral judgments of right and wrong; strives for perfection
What age did Freud believe that personality stopped developing?
6
What are Freud’s psychosexual stages of development (and their age ranges)?
- oral (0-1 year) - mouth
- anal (1-3) - anus
- phallic (3-6) - genitals
- latency (6-12) - N/A
- genital (12 +)
What is an oral fixation?
Orally aggressive: verbally abusive (not fed enough)
Orally passive: smoking, overeating (fed too much)
What are anal fixations?
Anal retentive: overly neat/tidy
Anal expulsive: disorganized
What are the phallic fixations?
Oedipus complex (males) Electra complex (females) + penis envy -\_\_\_\_\_-
Children want to kill their same sex parent to be with the other parent sexually
What are the latent fixations?
Trick question! There are none
What did Erik Erikson do?
Extended Freud’s ideas to include social and interpersonal factors, extending the stages through adulthood.
What are Erikson’s stages of development?
- Trust vs. Mistrust (infancy)
- Autonomy vs. Shame (toddler)
- Initiative vs. Guilt (preschool)
- Industry vs. Inferiority (school age)
- Identity vs. Role Confusion (adolesence)
- Intimacy vs. Isolation (young adulthood)
- Generativity vs. Stagnation (middle age)
- Integrity vs. Despair (later life)
What is the humanist perspective of personality?
Asserts that humans are driven by an actualizing tendency to realize their own highest potential, and personality conflicts arise when this is thwarted.
Who developed the humanist perspective of personality?
Carl Rogers
What is the behaviorist perspective of personality?
Personality is a result of learned behavior patterns based on our environment.
Who developed the behaviorist perspective of personality?
BF Skinner
What does BF Skinner study/believe?
Classical conditioning (any positive/negative association; typically not intentional) vs. Operant conditioning (reinforcement and punishment; very intentional)
He thought that people begin as blank slates and environmental reinforcement and punishment determine behavior and personalities.
What is social cognitive perspective of personality?
Personality is a result of reciprocal interactions among behavioral, cognitive, and environmental factors.
What is Albert Bandura associated with?
Social learning or observational (vicarious) learning.
He did the bobo doll experiment.
What is another term for client-centered therapy?
Humanistic approach
What is motivation?
The driving force that causes us to act or behave in certain ways,.
What factors influence motivation?
- Instincts (biologically programmed)
- Drives (biological needs)
- Needs (beyond biological - achievement)
- Arousal (bored vs. overwhelmed)
