Class Inequalities Flashcards
(17 cards)
Becker
Labelling- teachers have an ideal pupil in their head, who is middle class. Leads the working class people give up on academic achievement and form anti-school subcultures.
Bourdieu
Working class pupils being at university is like a fish out of water.
High tuition fees may put working class students off university since they experienced debt and do not feel that university is worth it.
Sutton trust disadvantaged state school children
In 2016 74% of top judges went to Oxford or Cambridge and were privately educated even though only 7% of the population are privately educated and only 1% go to Oxbridge
Wadsworth
Found that minimum wage is not enough to support a family so many have to take a second job.
Middle class backgrounds have a 2.5 greater chance of gaining a professional job themselves
Social mobility commission
There is a class pay gap of over £2000 per year even when people have the same qualifications and are in the same occupations disadvantaged during those from working class backgrounds.
Working class people health
More likely to die than middle class people at both ends of their life.
Working class people also die earlier with around a seven year life expectancy gap which can rise up to 25 years in parts of London.
The underclass ( Murray)
Includes poorest members of society.
Dependency culture relies on benefits from the state and have no motivation to better themselves.
Poorly socialise children – leading to higher crime rates
Weber social class and life chances
Describes how some members of society have better opportunities than others to achieve things that most people would see as desirable
What fraction of children are in poverty
1/3
Westergaald and resier
(Marxist)
Class divisions deep in the 70’s
Alienation
(Marx’s)
Workers feel dissatisfied in their jobs without contentment in work and so purchase material goods however this further profits the bourgeoisie
What class does Mark ignore?
Middle class
Braverman - support Marx ideas
Proletarianisation. Middle class is becoming skilled as computers take over their jobs. This means proletariat is growing.
Parsons
(Functionalist)
Some individuals are better than others than achieving things that are regarded as worthy of reward
David and Moore
(Functionalist)
Role allocation.
Important to give most deserving and most qualified people roles in society offering them higher a reward
Gramsci - hegamony
Portis, you don’t need force to exert their power they rule through persuasion, e.g. through politics
