Gender Inequalities Flashcards
(17 cards)
Parsons
(Functionalist)
Females have an expressive role and men have an instrumental role. Natural roles. Explains horizontal segregation- women in caring and more expressive professions
Firestone
(Radical feminist)
Men have developed a power psychology enjoying using power over women using biology as a basis to discriminate. Based on patriarchal society. Only way to create quality is to free women from the nuclear family and childbirth.
Oakley
(Liberal feminist)
Parents bring up their children in gendered ways through manipulation and canalisation.
Girls learn to be more submissive and boys learn to be more assertive. These traits may affect their education as well as their careers.
Jackson
(Ladettes)
Rise of ladettes-females spending their time drinking, smoking and swearing
Benston
(Marxist feminist)
Reserve army of labour. Hired when economy needs a boost, let off when not needed
Sharp
Girls ambitions are changing – in the 70s 67% wanted to leave education at 16.
In the 90s 67% wanted to stay in education until at least 18.
Evaluation of Marxist feminist
Too much emphasis on class
Postmodernist - classes unnecessary now.
Radical feminist – patriarchy is more important than capitalism.
Relies on revolution to bring about change
Evaluation of radical feminism
Doesn’t acknowledge differences in family life.
Liberal feminist – women’s position has changed over time.
Emphasis male/female differences.
Family relationships can be fulfilling
Walby
Intersectionality – different factors of a woman’s life will impact her more – being black hole make her more oppressed than a white woman
Where the patriarchy affects women (Walby)
Paid employment
Household
State
Sexuality
Violence against women
Hakim
Women have preferences and make rational choices. The majority of men are work centred and only a majority of women will prioritise their career like men.
Murdock
Women are located in the home due to their biological function
Horizontal segregation
Segregation of women and men across different kinds of jobs
Vertical segregation
The fact that men dominate high ranking jobs
Glass elevator
The idea that men rise up the career ladder faster due to hidden advantages
Barron and Norris
Jewel labour market
Primary: secure, well paid, full-time, male dominated.
Secondary: insecure, low paid, part-time, female dominated
Evaluation of new right
Biological argument isn’t proven.
Ignores negative effects of gender roles.
Dated
Looks back to a golden age
