class - internal factors and differential achievement Flashcards
Labelling and SFP: beckers “ideal pupil”
interviews teachers from chicago high schools
the “ideal pupil” is MC white male
Low WC backgrounds = unideal = poor achievement
LABELLING and SFP : hempel-jorgensen
english primary schools WC and Mc
WC primary school has discipline issues . ideal pupil is quiet , Passive and Obedient
MC primary school no behavioural issue - ideal pupil has personality and academic ability
SELF FULFILLING PROPHECY - rosenthal and Jacobsen.
conducted IQ tests
random sample of 20% of students
labelled as “spurters” , rapid intellectual growth
same test a year later - greater gains for these students
teacher expectations - labelled spurters as intelligent , they become more intelligent
how can we evaluate self fulfilling prophecies ?
with margaret fuller. not everyone accepts imposed label
WC black girls negatively labelled - create pro- education subculture and prove it wrong
who comes up with the idea of setting and streaming ?
stephen ball.
what is setting according to ball?
pupils set in three bands - able to least able
this was based off of factors like Fathers Occupation ( non-manual at top band)
what is streaming according to ball?
where bands are taught in different ways according to teacher expectations.
band 1 = hardworking
band 3= troublesome
band 2= hardest to teach and least cooperative
what is the effect of streaming according to ball?
there was a strong relationship between banding and educational performance.
Ball notes the WC are disadvantaged by setting and streaming.
streaming and A-C economy: gillborn and Youdel (educational triage )
-streaming is because of exam tables published.
-Publishing creates an A-to-C economy
schools focus their time on students who potentially achieve 5 C’s
-improves performance in league tables
what is the result of an A-C economy
(gillborn and youdell)
it causes educational triage - pupils characterised into three types
WC students labelled as hopeless cases - doomed to fail in bottom sets
BAR____ : marketisation causes C____ S_____ and S____ S_____
Bartlett - cream skimming and silt shifting
popular schools have higher ability pupils - cheaper to teach
less popular schools - have students with learning difficulties =expensive to teach
PRO SCHOOL SUBCULTURES AND ANTI SCHOOL SUBCULTURES L____
LACEY
what does lacey say about pupil subcultures ?
starts with differentiation - teachers characterise students - e.g streaming .
ends with polarisation : pupils move to one of two poles (pro school or anti school)
who studied 12 WC boys in 70s secondary schools ?
Willis
how and who did willis study ?
WC boys - using non participant observations and group interviews.
the boys knows as the “lads “ had a shared “anti school subculture “
what values did the boys in Willis’ Study on WC boys have ?
value on “having a laff “
identified with adults by drinking / smoking .
not doing academic work.
manual labour over “pen-pushing”
what does willis say about the boys ‘ anti school subculture ?
it prepares the lads for work in capitalism - rebelling against capitalism ensures failure
- they fill manual jobs required by capitalism
what did willis conclude ?
lads saw through capitalist system. among the most exploited still.
willis concludes the education system does not produce passive and docile workers.
