Class Questions

Question 1

Describe the correct anatomical position…

Answer 1

Body standing erect, facing observer, arms extended and palms facing forwards, fingers pointing down

Question 2

The sagittal plane splits the body…

Answer 2

Vertically, into left and right

Question 3

What does medial mean?

Answer 3

Towards the midline

Question 4

What does superficial mean?

Answer 4

Close to the surface (skin)

Question 5

What does Caudal mean?

Answer 5

Towards the tailbone

Question 6

What does proximal mean?

Answer 6

Close to the origin of a structure

Question 7

What does cranial mean?

Answer 7

Towards the cranium/skull

Question 8

How many bones are in the skeletal system?

Answer 8

206

Question 9

What are the main functions of the skeletal system?

Answer 9

Support, Movement, Protection, Formation of Blood Cells, Joints, Attachments for muscles, Storage of calcium salts and other minerals

Question 10

What bones make up the Axial skeleton?

Answer 10

Skull, Vertebral Column, Thoracic cage (ribs, sternum)

Question 11

What bones make up the Appendicular skeleton?

Answer 11

Shoulder Girdle, Upper Limbs, Pelvic Girdle, Lower Limbs

Question 12

Name the 5 different types of bone…

Answer 12

1. Long 2. Short 3. Irregular 4. Flat 5. Sesamoid

Question 13

Give an example of a long bone…

Answer 13

Clavicle,Humerus, Ulna, Radius, Femur, Tibia, Fibula, Phalanges, Metacarpals, Metatarsals

Question 14

Give an example of a flat bone…

Answer 14

Scapula, Frontal, Nasal, Sternum, Occipital, Innominate, Parietal, Vomer, Ribs, Lacrimal

Question 15

Give an example of a short bone…

Answer 15

Tarsals (ankle bones) , Carpals (wrist bones)

Question 16

Give an example of an irregular bone…

Answer 16

Vertebrae + (sacrum + coccyx) , Maxilla, Mandible, Ethmoid, Palatine, Sphenoid, Zygomatic, Temporal

Question 17

Give an example of a Sesamoid bone…

Answer 17

Patella, Hyoid

Question 18

What is the central cavity of bone called?

Answer 18

Medullary Cavity

Question 19

What are the two types of bone tissue?

Answer 19

Compact & Cancellous

Question 20

What are Haversian canals?

Answer 20

Contain blood and lymph capillaries and nerves, run lengthways through ‘compact’ bone.

Question 21

What is the function of yellow bone marrow?

Answer 21

Consists of cells and blood vessels

majority of cells Adipocytes (fat cells) but also stem cells to be developed into cartilage, bone, fat, or muscle cells.

Question 22

What cells regulate bone formation?

Answer 22

Osteoclasts

Question 23

How many bones are there in the Carpals?

Answer 23

8 (each wrist)

Question 24

How many bones are there in the phalanges?

Answer 24

14 (each hand & foot)

Question 25

How many bones in the metacarpals?

Answer 25

5 (each hand)

Question 26

How many bones are there in the Tarsals?

Answer 26

7 (each ankle)

Question 27

How many Metatarsals are there?

Answer 27

5 (each foot)

Question 28

What is carpal bones are proximal to the ulna and radius?

Answer 28

Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetral, Pisiform

Question 29

What carpal bone are distal to the ulna and radius?

Answer 29

Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate

Question 31

What are ligaments?

Answer 31

Fibrous connective tissue that attaches bone to bone

Question 32

What are tendons?

Answer 32

Fibrous connective tissue that attaches bone to muscle

Question 33

What is cartilage?

Answer 33

‘Shock absorber’ Strong flexible connective tissue that protects joints and bones.