Classic/Relevant Treatments Flashcards by Geoff S

Condition - Treatment

Malaria

Chloroquine, mefloquine, atovaquone/proguanil (for blood schizont), primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)

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Condition - Treatment

Diabetes mellitus type 2

Dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemics, and insulin (if refractory)

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Condition - Treatment

Acute gout attack

NSAIDs, colchicine, glucocorticoids

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Condition - Treatment

Neural tube defect prevention

Prenatal folic acid

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Condition - Treatment

HER2/neu + breast cancer

Trastuzumab

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Condition - Treatment

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia), vancomycin (meningitis)

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Condition - Treatment

Influenza

Oseltamivir, zanamivir

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Condition - Treatment

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

α 1 -antagonists, 5α-reductase inhibitors, PDE-5 inhibitors

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Condition - Treatment

ER (+) breast cancer

Tamoxifen

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Condition - Treatment

Carcinoid syndrome

Octreotide

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Condition - Treatment

Diabetic ketoacidosis

Fluids, insulin, K +

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Condition - Treatment

Erectile dysfunction

Sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil

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Condition - Treatment

Schizophrenia (positive symptoms)

Typical and atypical antipsychotics

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Condition - Treatment

Trichomonas vaginalis

Metronidazole (patient and partner)

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Condition - Treatment

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

RIPE (rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol)

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Condition - Treatment

Depression

SSRIs (first-line)

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Condition - Treatment

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (idiopathic)

Sildenafil, bosentan, epoprostenol

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Condition - Treatment

Pneumocystis jirovecii

TMP-SMX (prophylaxis and treatment in immunosuppressed patients, CD4 < 200/mm 3 )

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Condition - Treatment

Absence seizures

Ethosuximide

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Condition - Treatment

Immediate anticoagulation

Heparin

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Condition - Treatment

Patent ductus arteriosus

Close with indomethacin; keep open with PGE analogs

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Condition - Treatment

Cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis

Mesna

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Condition - Treatment

Malignant hyperthermia

Dantrolene

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Condition - Treatment

Warfarin reversal

Fresh frozen plasma (acute), vitamin K (non-acute)

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# Condition - Treatment Pheochromocytoma

α-antagonists (eg, phenoxybenzamine)

# Condition - Treatment Drug of choice for anticoagulation in pregnancy or renal failure

Low-molecular-weight heparin

# Condition - Treatment Chronic gout

Xanthine oxidase inhibitors (eg, allopurinol, febuxostat); pegloticase; probenecid

# Condition - Treatment Cryptococcus neoformans

Induction with amphotericin B and flucytosine, maintenance with fluconazole (in AIDS patients)

# Condition - Treatment Candida albicans

Topical azoles (vaginitis); nystatin, fluconazole, caspofungin (oral/esophageal); fluconazole, caspofungin, amphotericin B (systemic)

# Condition - Treatment Bulimia nervosa

SSRIs

# Condition - Treatment Medical abortion

Mifepristone

# Condition - Treatment Hypertriglyceridemia

Fibrate

# Condition - Treatment Multiple sclerosis

Disease-modifying therapies (eg, β-interferon, natalizumab); for acute flares, use IV steroids

# Condition - Treatment Heparin reversal

Protamine sulfate

# Condition - Treatment Toxoplasma gondii

Sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine

# Condition - Treatment CMV

Ganciclovir, foscarnet, cidofovir

# Condition - Treatment Osteomalacia/rickets

Vitamin D supplementation

# Condition - Treatment Prostate adenocarcinoma/uterine fibroids

Leuprolide, GnRH (continuous)

# Condition - Treatment Neisseria meningitidis

Penicillin/ceftriaxone, rifampin (prophylaxis)

# Condition - Treatment Clostridium botulinum

Antitoxin

# Condition - Treatment Degeneration of dorsal column fibers

Tabes dorsalis (3° syphilis), subacute combined degeneration (dorsal columns, lateral corticospinal, spinocerebellar tracts affected)

# Condition - Treatment Chronic hepatitis B or C

IFN-α (HBV and HCV); ribavirin, simeprevir, sofosbuvir (HCV)

# Condition - Treatment Prolactinoma

Cabergoline/bromocriptine (dopamine agonists)

# Condition - Treatment Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Piperacillin/tazobactam, aminoglycosides, carbapenems

# Condition - Treatment Chronic myelogenous leukemia

Imatinib

# Condition - Treatment Hyperaldosteronism

Spironolactone

# Condition - Treatment Buerger disease

Smoking cessation

# Condition - Treatment Clostridium tetani

Antitoxin

# Condition - Treatment Crohn disease

Corticosteroids, infliximab, azathioprine

# Condition - Treatment Alcoholism

Disulfiram, acamprosate, naltrexone, supportive care

# Condition - Treatment Diabetes mellitus type 1

Dietary intervention (low carbohydrate) + insulin replacement

# Condition - Treatment Temporal arteritis

High-dose steroids

# Condition - Treatment Alcohol withdrawal

Long-acting benzodiazepines

# Condition - Treatment Legionella pneumophila

Macrolides (eg, azithromycin)

# Condition - Treatment Haemophilus influenzae (B)

Amoxicillin ± clavulanate (mucosal infections), ceftriaxone (meningitis), rifampin (prophylaxis)

# Condition - Treatment Diabetes insipidus

Desmopressin (central); hydrochlorothiazide, indomethacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)

# Condition - Treatment Enterococci

Vancomycin, aminopenicillins/cephalosporins

# Condition - Treatment Trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux)

Carbamazepine

# Condition - Treatment UTI prophylaxis

TMP-SMX

# Condition - Treatment Stable angina

Sublingual nitroglycerin

# Condition - Treatment Prostate adenocarcinoma

Flutamide

# Condition - Treatment Rickettsia rickettsii

Doxycycline, chloramphenicol

# Condition - Treatment Migraine

Abortive therapies (eg, sumatriptan, NSAIDs); prophylaxis (eg, propranolol, topiramate, CCBs, amitriptyline)

# Condition - Treatment Tonic-clonic seizures

Levetiracetam, phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine

# Condition - Treatment Treponema pallidum

Penicillin G

# Condition - Treatment Infertility

Leuprolide, GnRH (pulsatile), clomiphene

# Condition - Treatment Kawasaki disease

IVIG, aspirin

# Condition - Treatment Ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication

Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)

# Condition - Treatment Streptococcus pyogenes

Penicillin prophylaxis

# Condition - Treatment Sporothrix schenckii

Itraconazole, oral potassium iodide

# Condition - Treatment Staphylococcus aureus

MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin (antistaphylococcal penicillins); MRSA: vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid, ceftaroline

# Condition - Treatment Streptococcus bovis

Penicillin prophylaxis; evaluation for colon cancer if linked to endocarditis

# Condition - Treatment Long-term anticoagulation

Warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban

# Condition - Treatment Anorexia

Nutrition, psychotherapy, SSRIs

# Condition - Treatment Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener)

Cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids

# Condition - Treatment Schizophrenia (negative symptoms)

Atypical antipsychotics

# Condition - Treatment Osteoporosis

Calcium/vitamin D supplementation (prophylaxis); bisphosphonates, PTH analogs, SERMs, calcitonin, denosumab (treatment)

# Condition - Treatment Breast cancer in postmenopausal woman

Aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole)

# Condition - Treatment SIADH

Fluid restriction, IV hypertonic saline, conivaptan/ tolvaptan, demeclocycline

# Condition - Treatment Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

Class IB antiarrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine)

# Condition - Treatment Chlamydia trachomatis

Doxycycline (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coinfection), oral erythromycin to treat chlamydial conjunctivitis in infants

# Condition - Treatment ADHD

Methylphenidate, amphetamines, CBT, atomoxetine, guanfacine, clonidine

# Condition - Treatment Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)

All-trans retinoic acid

# Condition - Treatment Bipolar disorder

Mood stabilizers (eg, lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine), atypical antipsychotics

# Condition - Treatment Ulcerative colitis

5-ASA preparations (eg, mesalamine), 6-mercaptopurine, infliximab, colectomy

# Condition - Treatment Hypercholesterolemia

Statin (first-line)

# Condition - Treatment Generalized anxiety disorder

SSRIs, SNRIs (first line); buspirone (second line)

# Condition - Treatment Sickle cell disease

Hydroxyurea (increases fetal hemoglobin)

# Condition - Treatment Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Ceftriaxone (add doxycycline to cover likely concurrent C trachomatis)

# Condition - Treatment Clostridium difficile

Oral metronidazole; if refractory, oral vancomycin

Classic/Relevant Treatments Flashcards

(90 cards)