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STEP 1 FIRST AID REVIEW > Classic Treatments > Flashcards

Classic Treatments Flashcards

(88 cards)

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1
Q

Absence seizures

A

Ethosuximide

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2
Q

Acute gout attack

A

NSAIDS, colchicine, glucocorticoids

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3
Q

Acute promyelocytic leukaemia (M3)

A

All-trans retinoid acid

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4
Q

ADHD

A

Methylphenidate, amphetamines, CBT, atomoxetine, guafacine, clonidine

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5
Q

Alcoholism

A

Disulfiram, acamprosate, naltrexone, supportive care

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6
Q

Alcohol withdrawal

A

Long-acting benzodiazepines

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7
Q

Anorexia

A

Nutrition, psychotherapy, mirtazapine

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8
Q

Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

A

Class 1B antiarrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine)

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9
Q

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

Alpha-1 antagonist, 5 alpha reductase inhibitors, PDE-5 inhibitors

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10
Q

Bipolar disorder

A

Mood stabilizers (eg. lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine), atypical antipsychotics

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11
Q

Breast cancer in postmenopausal women

A

Aromatse inhibitor (anastrozole)

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12
Q

Buerger disease

A

Smoking cessation

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13
Q

Bulimia nervosa

A

SSRIs

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14
Q

Candida albicans

A

Topical azoles (vaginitis); nystatin, fluconazole, caspofungin (oral/esophageal); fluconazole, caspofungin, amphotericin B (systemic)

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15
Q

Carcinoid syndrome

A

Octreotide

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16
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis

A

Doxycyline (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhoea coinfection), erythromycin eye drops (conjunctivitis prophylaxis in infants)

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17
Q

Chronic gout

A

Xanthine oxidase inhibits (eg, allopurinol, febuxostat); pegloticase; probenecid

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18
Q

Chronic hepatitis B or C

A

IFN - alpha (HBV and HCV);

ribavirin, simeprevir, sofosbuvir (HCV)

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19
Q

Chronic myelogenous leukaemia

A

Imatinib

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20
Q

Clostridium botulinum

A

Antitoxin

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21
Q

Clostridium difficile

A

Oral metronidazole; if refractory, oral vancomycin

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22
Q

Clostridium tetani

A

Antitoxin

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23
Q

CMV

A

Ganciclovir, foscarnet, cidofovir

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24
Q

Crohn disease

A

Corticosteroids, infilximab, azathioprine

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25
Cryptococcus neoformans
Fluconazole (AIDS patients)
26
Cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis
Mesna
27
Depression
SSRIs (first line)
28
Diabetes insipidus
Desmopressin (central) | Hydrochlorothiazide, indomethacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)
29
DMI
Insulin replacement + diet intervention
30
DMII
Diet intervention + oral hypoglycemics + insulin if refractory
31
DKA
Fluids, insulin, K+
32
Drug of choice for anticoagulation during pregnancy
Heparin
33
Enterococci
Vancomycin, aminopenicillins / cephalosporins
34
Erectile dysfunction
Sildenafil, tadaladil, vardenafil
35
ER + breast ca
Tamoxifen
36
Ethylene glycol/ methanol intoxication
Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)
37
H Flu (B)
Rifampin (prophylaxis)
38
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
SSRI, SNRI (first line); buspirone (second line)
39
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener)
Cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids
40
Heparin reversal
Protamine sulfate
41
HER2/neu + breast ca
Trastuzumab
42
Hyperaldosteronism
Spironolactone
43
Hypercholesterolemia
Statin (first line)
44
Hypertriglyceridemia
Fibrate
45
Immediate anticoagulation
Heparin
46
Infertility
Leuprolide, GnRH (pulsatile), clomiphene
47
Influenza
Oseltamivir, zanamivir
48
Kawasaki disease
IVIG, high-dose ASA
49
Legionella pneumophilia
Macrolides (eg azithromycin)
50
Long-term anticoagulation
Warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban
51
Malaria
Chloroquine, mefloquine, atovaquone / proguanil (for blood schizont), primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)
52
Malignant hyperthermia
Dantrolene
53
Medical abortion
Mifepristone
54
Migraine
``` Abortive therapies (sumatriptan, NSAIDS) Prophylaxis (propranolol, topiramate, CCBs, amitriptyline) ```
55
Multiple sclerosis
``` Disease-modifying therapies (B-interferon, natalizumab) Acute flares (IV steroids) ```
56
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
RIPE (rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol)
57
Neisseria gonorrhoea
Ceftriaxone (add doxycycline to cover likely concurrent C trachomatis)
58
Neural tube defect prevention
Prenatal folic acid
59
Osteomalacia / rickets
Vitamin D supplementation
60
Osteoporosis
Calcium / vit D supplementation (prophylaxis) | Bisphosphonates, PTH analogs, SERMs, calcitonin, denosumab (txt)
61
Patent ducts arteriosis
Close with indomethacin | Keep open with PGE analogs
62
Pheochromocytoma
alpha-antagonists (ex phenoxybenzamine)
63
Pneumocystis jirovecii
TMP-SMX (prophylaxis and treatment in immunosuppressed patients)
64
Prolactinoma
Cabergoline/bromocriptine (dopamine agents)
65
Prostate adenocarcinoma / uterine fibroids
Leuprolide, GnRH (continuous)
66
Prostate adenocarcinoma
Flutamide
67
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Antipseudomonal penicillins, ahminoglycosides, carbapenems
68
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (idiopathic)
Sildenafil, bosentan, epoprostenol
69
Rickettsia rickettsii
Doxycycline, chloramphenicol
70
Schizophrenia (negative symptoms)
Atypical antipsychotics
71
Schizophrenia (positive symptoms)
Atypical antipsychotics
72
SIADH
Fluid restriction, IV hypertonic saline, conivaptan / tolvaptan, demeclocycline
73
Sickle cell disease
Hydroxyurea (increase fetal hemoglobin)
74
Sporothrix schenckii
Itraconazole, oral potassium iodide
75
Stable angina
Sublingual nitroglycerin
76
Staphylococcus aureus
MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin (anti staphylococcal penicillins); MRSA: vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid, ceftaroline
77
Staphylococcus bovis
Penicillin prophylaxis; also do evaluation for colon cancer if linked to endocarditis
78
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia) | Vancomycin (meningitis)
79
Streptococcus pyogenes
Penicillin prophylaxis
80
Temporal arteritis
High-dose steroids
81
Tonic-clonic seizures
Levetiracetam, phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine
82
Toxoplasma gondii
Sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
83
Treponema pallidum
Penicillin
84
Trichomas vaginalis
Metronidazole (patient and partner)
85
Trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux)
Carbamazepine
86
Ulcerative colitis
5-ASA preparations (mesalamine) 6-mercaptopurine Infliximab Colectomy
87
UTI prophylaxis
TMP-SMX
88
Warfarin reversal
``` Fresh frozen plasma (acute) Vitamin K (non-acute) ```

STEP 1 FIRST AID REVIEW (4 decks)

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