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Biology > Classification > Flashcards

Classification Flashcards

(47 cards)

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1
Q

Kingdom, Phylum…?

A

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

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2
Q

What is a poikilotherm?

A

A ‘cold blooded’ animal - changes temperature with its surroundings

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3
Q

What is a homeotherm?

A

A ‘warm blooded’ animal - controlled, constant body temperature

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4
Q

What does viviparous mean?

A

That the animal gives birth to live young

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5
Q

What does oviparous mean?

A

That the animal lays eggs

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6
Q

What are the 5 kingdoms?

A

Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Prtoctista, Prokaryotae

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7
Q

Describe Animalia

A

Multi-cellular
No cell walls
No chlorophyll
Feed heterotrophically

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8
Q

Describe Plantae

A

Multi-cellular
Have cell walls
Have chlorophyll
Feed autotrophically

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9
Q

Describe Fungi

A

Multi-cellular
Have cell walls
Don’t have chlorophyll
Feed saprophytically

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10
Q

Describe Protoctista

A

Uni-cellular

Have a nucleus

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11
Q

Describe Prokaryotae

A

Uni-cellular

Have no nucleus

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12
Q

Why is a virus not in any of the five kingdoms?

A

Because viruses aren’t alive - they don’t follow the 7 life processes

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13
Q

King Philip Catches Oranges For Good Singers

Kings Pick Cherries On Friday Garden Surprise

A 
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
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14
Q

What is a chordate?

A

Something that has a backbone or supporting rod

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15
Q

What is an autotroph?

A

Something that makes food from small molecules using an energy source

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16
Q

What is a heterotroph?

A

Something that eats and digests other organisms

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17
Q

What is a saprophyte?

A

Something that gets food from other organisms outside the body and absorbs digested food

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18
Q

What is a ring species?

A

A ring of populations, in which neighboring species can breed but the 2 at the end can’t

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19
Q

What are the five chordates?

Study These Flashcards
A 
Fish
Amphibians
Reptiles
Birds
Mammals
20
Q

Describe a hybrid

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A

Infertile offspring produced by two different species

21
Q

What is the definition of fertile?

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A

Can reproduce

22
Q

What is the definition of variation?

Study These Flashcards
A

Difference in characteristics

23
Q

What are the two causes of variation?

Study These Flashcards
A

Genetics

Environment

24
Q

What is the definition of a causation?

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A

Where one thing is caused by another

25
What does it mean by 'concordant results'?
Similar results
26
How can you make sure you have valid results?
Fair test Measure what you are meant to measure Compare to secondary evidence (textbook, internet etc.)
27
What is continuous variation?
When a variable can have any numerical value - normal distribution curve Eg. height, weight, heart rate
28
What is discontinuous variation?
Not a continuous range - discrete data | Eg. gender, blood group
29
What is artificial selection?
Where man selects
30
What is speciation?
Development of a new species
31
How does speciation happen
Two populations of the same species are split by physical barriers Populations adapt to new environments
32
Extreme environments
- Deep sea vents- Angler fish - Volcanic vents- Chemosynthetic bacteria - Polar regions- Polar bears, penguins
33
How are Angler fish adapted?
-rod shaped spine that gives off light and attracts prey
34
How are Chemosynthetic bacteria adapted to volcanic vents
-Bacteria use chemicals from the vents to chemosynthesise
35
How are polar bears adapted to the polar regions
- Compact round shape with a small surface area compared to volume - Thick layer of blubber for insulation - Thick hairy coats trap a layer of warm air next to the skin
36
How are penguins adapted
- Thick layer of insulating fat - Oily feathers to shed water and reduce heat loss - Huddle together in groups - Streamlined body so they can swim fast and catch fish
37
What is natural selection?
Survival of the fittest Some individuals or more able than others to compete for resources as they are better adapted to the environment
38
Evidence to support evolution
DNA research | Resistant organisms
39
DNA research
- Evolution suggests all organisms evolved from shared common ancestors - Closely related species diverged more recently - Scientists have found that organisms that diverged more recently have more similar DNA
40
Resistant organisms
- Poison warfarin was used to kill rats - A certain genes gives rats resistance to this - These rats are more likely to survive and breed
41
How the scientific community validates evidence
- Publish their work in scientific journals - Other scientists read and review the work - Repeating experiments to try and get the same results - Scientific conferences
42
Why is accurate classification not always easy?
- Not all organisms 'interbreed' like it says, some reproduce asexually but are still the same species - Many duck species can interbreed to produce fertile hybrids - There can be lots of variation within a species- eg in dogs - Ring species
43
Organisms are the same species if...
They can interbreed to produce fertile offspring
44
How does the binomial system help to conserve species
Easy to presume two similar looking organisms are the same species when they're actually different This could mean only one species is protected whilst the other becomes extinct
45
How does the binomial system help to identify species
Avoids confusion where common names mean different things in different places
46
How does the binomial system help to study species?
By identifying and naming species, scientists can share information on them
47
How has the binomial system helped scientists?
- Identifying species - Study species - Conserve species - Target conservation efforts

Biology (8 decks)

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