Classification etc

Question 1

What is an autotrophic organism?

Answer 1

They make their own food from inorganic, raw materials e.g carbon dioxide and water

Question 2

How do photoautotrophic organisms obtain energy?

Answer 2

They use light as the energy source and preform photosynthesis

Question 3

What organisms are photoautotrophic?

2

Answer 3

• Protoctista

- Some bacteria

Question 4

The way that photoautotrophic organisms obtain nutrients is described as?

Answer 4

Holophytic

Question 5

What do photoautrotrophic plants usually look like?

Answer 5

Green plants

Question 6

How do Chemoautotrophic organisms obtain energy?

Answer 6

They use the energy from chemical reactions

Question 7

What organisms are chemoautotrophic?

Answer 7

They’re all prokaryotes

Question 8

What process do Chemoautotrophic organisms use to produce energy?

Answer 8

Chemosynthesis

Question 9

True or False?

Chemosynthesis is less efficient than photosynthesis

Answer 9

True

Question 10

How do heterotrophic obtain energy?

Answer 10

They consume complex organic molecules, produced by autotrophs

Question 11

What are heterotrophic organisms also known as?

Answer 11

Consumers

Question 12

If heterotrophic organisms are consumers, what does that make autotrophs?

Answer 12

Producers

Question 13

What organisms are heterotrophic?

4

Answer 13

• Animals
• Fungi
• Some Bacteria
• Some Protoctista

Question 14

What do heterotrophic organisms eat?

Answer 14

autotrophs or organisms that have, themselves eaten autotrophs

Question 15

What organisms are seen as Saprotrophic?

2

Answer 15

• All fungi

- Some bacteria

Question 16

What do saprotrophs feed on?

Answer 16

Dead or decaying matter

Question 17

saprotrophs don’t have a specialised digestive system, so how do they digest their food?

Answer 17

They secrete enzymes onto food material, outside of the body for extracellular digestion.

Question 18

What enzymes are secreted in saprotrophs extracellular digestion

(4)

Answer 18

• Proteases
• Amylase
• Lipases
• Cellulases

Question 19

How do saprotrophs absorb the soluble products in digestion?

Answer 19

Across their membrane through active transport and diffusion

Question 20

Why are decomposers (saprotrophs) important?

2

Answer 20

• Recycling nutrients such as Nitrogen

- Decaying leaf litter

Question 21

Give an example of a decomposer

Answer 21

Rhizopus (mould), found on rotting fruit

Question 22

How do parasitic organisms obtain nutrients?

Answer 22

They obtain it from another living organism, the host

Question 23

Where to endoparasites live while feeding on a host?

Answer 23

They live in the body of the host

Tapeworm

Question 24

Where to ectoparasites live while feeding on a host?

Answer 24

They live on the surface of the host

Head-lice

Question 25

Holozoic nutrition is used by many animals, but what does this mean?

Answer 25

They ingest food, digest it and egest the indigestible remains

Question 26

How is material digested in holozoic nutrition?

Answer 26

The food material is processed in the body, digested and absorbed into the body tissues, used by the cells

Question 27

What do herbivores eat?

Answer 27

Plant material

Question 28

What do carnivores eat?

Answer 28

Other animals

Question 29

What do omnivores eat?

Answer 29

Both plant and animals

Question 30

What do detritivores eat?

Answer 30

Dead or decaying material

Question 31

Give a protoctista that uses holozoic nutrition?

Answer 31

Amoeba

Question 32

How do Amoeba transport their nutrients across their membrane? (3)

Answer 32

- Diffusion - Facilitated diffusion - Active transport

Question 33

How do Amoeba take in larger molecules/Microbes ?

Answer 33

- Endocytosis - Into food vacuoles - Fuse with lysosomes - Digested by lysosomal enzymes

Question 34

How are the nutrients absorbed in Amoeba?

Answer 34

Absorbed into the cytoplasm

Question 35

What happens to indigestible material in Amoeba?

Answer 35

They are egested by exocytosis