Classification Of Programming Languages & Translators Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is a processor instruction set?
Each processor has a set of instructions that it can understand built into when it is made, in binary
What are the different generations of programming languages?
-1St generation- No translator, machine language and is in binary
-2nd generation-Assembler, in assembly language
3rd generation-Interpreter and compiler in high level language e.g python, JavaScript
4th generational translators but normally interpreter,in declarative language e.g Coldfusion
What are characteristics of 1st generation programming language?
-Binary code
-Machine level
-Difficult for humans to understand
-Fast and efficient
-Processor specific
What are characteristics of 2nd generation programming language?
-Mnemonics
-Processor specific
-Low level
-Hardware specific
What are characteristic of 3rd generation programming language?
-Machine independent
-human readable
-simplify complex tasks
-Portable
-Imperative-programmer tells a computer how to solve a problem
What are characteristics of 4th generation programming languages?
-Specific purpose
-Easier to use
-GUI focused
-High productivity
-Written in small set of commands
-Not written with specific processor
What is the definition of an Imperative Language?
Instructions are excexuted in a programmer defined order. They describe how to solve a problem
What are advantages of programming using imperative high level languages compared to low level
-Makes it easier to understand
-Machine independent
-Simplify complex tasks
What are disadvantages of programming using imperative high level languages compared with low level languages?
-Difficult to understand
-Slower excecution speed
What are characteristics of a interpreter?
-Code translated line by line
-Stops when encounters problem with instruction to be corrected
-Enduser needs source code to run entire program
What are characteristics of a compiler?
-Whole code translated at once
-End user only needs excecutable code to run program
What are advantages of an interpreter?
-Lists error line by line
-Less memory
-Ease of use and create program
-Portable
-Compiled programs run faster
What are advantages of a compiler?
-Lists all errors found until fixed
-Better debugging
-Faster running excecutable programs
What is bytecode?
Byte code is an intermediate language that is excecutable by a runtime program like virtual machines.E.g Java uses Java Virtual machine
What are declarative languages?
Languages that specifies what the problem to be solved it but not how to solve the problem. Lass if languages including functional and logic programming languages and used facts and roles.
What are declarative languages used in?
-Expert systems
-AI
-Natural language processing
-Querying a database
-Solving logic problems
What are the two types of software?
-Application software
-System Software
What are the different types of Application software?
-Bespoke software
-Special purpose
-General purpose
What are the different types of system software?
-Operating system
-Library programs
-Translator
-Utility software
