TCP/IP Stack

Question 1

What is the TCP/IP stack?

Answer 1

Defines the rules for transmitting data packets across the network and consists of four layers.

Question 2

What does the IP part of the stack mean?

Answer 2

Controls how data packets are addressed and delivered to the correct destination.

Question 3

What does the TCP part of the stack mean?

Answer 3

Transmission control protocols ensures packets arrive correctly,keeps track of them and reassembles them in right order when recieved

Question 4

What is a protocol?

Answer 4

A set of rules that ensure both ends of a communication are working the same way

Question 5

What are the four layers of the TCP/IP stack?

Answer 5

-Application layer
-Transport layer
-Network layer
-Link layer

Question 6

What is the application layer of the TCP/IP stack responsible for?

Answer 6

-Selects the appropriate protocol for the communication
-Interacts with the user via appropriate application software or the users system

Question 7

How does the transport layer of the TCP/IP stack work?

Answer 7

-Establishes end to end communication
-deals with error control
-Communication split into packets by transport layer and reassembled by receiver
-Packets are numbered by transport layer
-Transport chooses a port number for client and destination

Question 8

What does the network layer of the TCP/IP stack do?

Answer 8

-Supplies appropriate IP addresses for source and destination when sending packets
-Is involved with packet routing
-Combination of IP addresses and port=circuit

Question 9

What is the Link Layer of the TCP/IP stack responsible for?

Answer 9

-Receives packets from network layer and adds MAC addresses
-Moves packets between 2 internet hosts
-Adds frame header and footer to packets
-Deals with physical connection/cabling
-Includes network card
-Strips IP addresses

Question 10

What are the protocols involved in the Application layer?

Answer 10

-HTTP/S
-FTP
-POP3
-IMAP
-SMTP
-SSH

Question 11

What are the protocolas involved in the transport layer?

Answer 11

-TCP
-UDP

Question 12

What are the Protocols involved in the Network layer?

Answer 12

IP

Question 13

What are the protocols involved in the Link layer?

Answer 13

MAC

Question 14

What is the HTTP for?

Answer 14

Hyper text transfer protocol (secure) and used for communication on World Wide Web

Question 15

What does FTP do?

Answer 15

File transfer protocol-allows users to transfer files between computers

Question 16

What does POP 3 do?

Answer 16

Post Office Protocol allows users to send and retrieve emails from a remote server

Question 17

What is IMAP for?

Answer 17

Internet message access protocol allows users to access emails from multiple devices and organise messages into folders

Question 18

What is SMTP for?

Answer 18

Simple mail transfer protocol is a communication protocol used for sending and receiving email messages over internet

Question 19

What does SSH do?

Answer 19

Secure Socket shell is a network protocol that enables communication between computers

Question 20

What is TCP for?

Answer 20

Transmission Control Protocol enables application programmes and computing devices to exchange messages over a network, establishes end to end connection

Question 21

What is UDP responsible for?

Answer 21

User Datagram control-Used for communication throughout internet specific for time sensitive applications which require speed eg live gaming

Question 22

What is IP(Internet Protocol) responsible for?

Answer 22

To route and address data packets across networks

Question 23

What is MAC responsible for?

Answer 23

Media Access Control which manages access to shared medium in a LAN

Question 24

What does CRUD stand for?

Answer 24

-Create
-Retrieve
-Update
-Delete

Question 25

What is the HTTP request method for CRUD?

Answer 25

-Post -Put -Get -Delete

Question 26

What is the SQL database function for CRUD?

Answer 26

-Insert -Select -Update -Delete

Question 27

What does REST do?

Answer 27

Representational State Transfer is an APU that allows JavaScript to talk to a database server through HTTP.

Question 28

What is JavaScript?

Answer 28

A programming language that enables developer to crate and construct complicated,dynamic web features

Question 29

What is JSON?

Answer 29

JavaScript Object Notation

Question 30

What is XML?

Answer 30

Extensible Markup language

Question 31

What are similarities of JSON and XML?

Answer 31

-Both are self describing(human readable) -Both are hierarchical -Both can be parsed and used by lots of programming languages

Question 32

What are differences between JSON and XML?

Answer 32

-JSON doesn’t use end tag -JSON is shorter -JSON is quicker to read and write -JSON can use arrays -XML has to be parsed with an XML parser whereas Java can be parsed by a standard JavaScript function

Question 34

What is Data Parsing?

Answer 34

A process in which a string of data is converted from one format to another

Question 35

What is a thick client?

Answer 35

A software that implements its own features. It may connect to servers but remains mostly functional when disconnected

Question 36

What is a thin client?

Answer 36

Software that is primarily designed to communicate with a server. Features produced by servers such as cloud platform

Question 37

How will a thin client affect hardware on the terminals and the server?

Answer 37

Less hardware on terminals and server won’t need screen and use a gateway instead. It will also need a stronger connection

Question 38

What are characteristics of a thin client?

Answer 38

-Won’t work offline as relied on online processing -Doesn’t have many Local Resources -Relies on fast network connection -Data is stored on server

Question 39

What are characteristics of a thick client?

Answer 39

-Works offline -Relies on Local Resources,has a lot -Can work without or with less connection -Data is stored locally