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Claude HCS Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Risk Identity?

A

Being identified as ‘at risk’ becomes part of identity, shaping behaviour and social interactions

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2
Q

Define Surveillance Medicine

A

Health promotion monitoring ‘at risk’ populations through screening, campaigns, check-ups to prevent disease

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3
Q

Compliance vs Adherence vs Concordance

A

Compliance: follows recommendations without agreement. Adherence: follows mutually agreed plan. Concordance: collaborative shared decision-making

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4
Q

What is Health Anxiety?

A

Persistent fear of serious illness despite medical reassurance, linked to misinterpretation of symptoms

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5
Q

Cognitive Model of Health Anxiety stages

A

1) Triggering event 2) Negative schema activation 3) Negative thoughts 4) Heightened anxiety/monitoring 5) Reassurance seeking

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6
Q

How does ancestry affect hypertension?

A

Ethnic background affects medication efficacy due to genetic and cultural differences

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7
Q

What is Fatalism?

A

Belief that individuals have little control over health, leading to disengagement from prevention

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8
Q

Define Short-termism

A

Prioritising immediate needs over long-term health benefits due to socioeconomic constraints

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9
Q

Zola’s Triggers

A

Interpersonal crisis, symptom interference, pressure from others, symptom duration

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10
Q

Mechanic & Volkart factors

A

Symptom frequency, familiarity, predictability, perceived threat

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11
Q

Parsons’ Sick Role

A

1) Exemption from normal roles 2) Not responsible 3) Must try to get well 4) Must seek help and comply

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12
Q

Health Belief Model components

A

Perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, cues to action, self-efficacy

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13
Q

What are Lay Narratives?

A

Personal illness stories reflecting cultural and social understandings

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14
Q

TPB prediction

A

Intention predicts behaviour

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15
Q

Transtheoretical Model stages

A

Pre-contemplation, Contemplation, Preparation, Action, Maintenance, Relapse

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16
Q

Social Ecological Model levels

A

Intrapersonal, interpersonal, institutional, community, policy

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17
Q

Qualitative Interviews

A

In-depth conversations exploring experiences. Challenges: power imbalance, authenticity, interpretation

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18
Q

Cultural role of alcohol

A

Integral to social events but leads to harmful behaviour and health problems

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19
Q

Individual alcohol impacts

A

Depression, dependency, relationship issues

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20
Q

Societal alcohol impacts

A

Healthcare burden, crime, lost productivity

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21
Q

Four addiction theories

A

1) Genetic: inherited vulnerability 2) Exposure: repeated use 3) Disease: chronic illness 4) Choice: personal agency

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22
Q

Internet use in health

A

Empowering: patient control. Dangerous: misinformation. Contextual: depends on user’s ability

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23
Q

Thematic Analysis steps

A

1) Familiarise 2) Generate codes 3) Identify themes 4) Review themes 5) Define/name 6) Report

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24
Q

Family influence on health

A

Early exposure, role modelling, reinforcement impact long-term practices

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25
What influences Public Trust?
Media, scandals, perceived transparency of healthcare systems
26
What are MUS?
Medically Unexplained Symptoms - symptoms without identifiable cause leading to investigation and frustration
27
IBS characteristics
Multifactorial condition: stress, trauma, genetics, psychosocial factors. Uses biopsychosocial model
28
Gender vs Sex
Gender: socially constructed roles. Sex: biological differences
29
Hegemonic Masculinity
Social norms promoting male dominance and discouraging health-seeking behaviour
30
Drive Theory components
1) Arousal of drive 2) Drive-reducing behaviour
31
TPB components
Attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control, intention, behaviour
32
Maslow's Hierarchy
Physiological, safety, love/belonging, esteem, self-actualisation
33
Ethnicity vs Race
Race: socially constructed biological categories. Ethnicity: shared cultural heritage, language, ancestry
34
Migrant Health pattern
Initially healthier than natives but deteriorates due to stress, access issues, socio-economic factors
35
Migrant healthcare barriers
Legal, linguistic, economic, cultural challenges
36
Chronic illness impact
Requires adjustment, involves stigma, biographical disruption
37
Successful Aging (Rowe & Kahn)
1) Low disease probability 2) High physical/cognitive function 3) Active life engagement
38
Selective Optimization with Compensation
1) Goal selection 2) Resource optimization 3) Loss compensation
39
Aging stereotypes
Negative: frailty, dependency. Positive: wisdom, peace
40
Treatment Burden
Complex regimens, healthcare interactions, lifestyle changes overwhelming patients
41
Urinary Incontinence impacts
Emotional distress, isolation, lowered self-esteem
42
Geneticisation
Attributing health conditions solely to genetics, neglecting environmental/social factors
43
Geneticisation implications
Tailored treatments possible but risks stigma and ethical concerns
44
SPIKES Protocol
Set scene, Perception, Invitation, Knowledge, Emotion, Strategy/Summary
45
Interrelational Caregiving
Maintaining recipient's identity and past roles
46
Pragmatic Caregiving
Practical focus on comfort and quality care
47
Grounded Theory steps
1) Data collection 2) Coding 3) Category development 4) Theory formulation
48
Pain Theories
1) Biomedical: physical causes 2) Biopsychosocial: mind/body/society 3) Operant: behavioural reinforcement 4) Cognitive: mental interpretation/coping
49
Medicalisation of Obesity debate
Medical condition treatment vs behaviour change focus
50
Stigma types
Felt: internalised shame. Enacted: direct discrimination. Discredited/Discreditable: visible/invisible
51
Body Image influences
Social norms, media, varies by gender
52
Self-Determination Theory
Competence, autonomy, relatedness
53
Biographical Disruption
Chronic illness challenges self-perception and life narrative
54
Selye's GAS Model
1) Alarm 2) Resistance 3) Exhaustion
55
Doctor-Patient Relationship essentials
Trust and empathy for managing identity-threatening illnesses
56
Body Image factors
Personal history and societal expectations
57
Common Sense Model
1) Identity 2) Timeline 3) Cause 4) Consequences 5) Controllability
58
Transactional Model
1) Primary appraisal 2) Secondary appraisal 3) Coping (problem/emotion-focused)
59
Livneh & Antonak variables
Disability, personality, context
60
Moos & Holahan emphasis
Social support and personal coping resources
61
Stigma components
Stereotyping: oversimplified beliefs. Prejudice: negative attitudes. Discrimination: unfair treatment
62
CBT Model process
1) Early experiences form schemas 2) Events activate schemas 3) Automatic negative thoughts 4) Emotional/behavioural consequences
63
Kubler-Ross stages
1) Denial 2) Anger 3) Bargaining 4) Depression 5) Acceptance
64
Bowlby's grief stages
1) Shock 2) Yearning 3) Disorganisation 4) Reorganisation
65
Worden's grief tasks
1) Accept reality 2) Work through grief 3) Adjust to life without deceased 4) Maintain connection and move on
66
Dual Process Model
Loss-oriented coping and restoration-oriented coping

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