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HistoPath Lec 2ndYR 2ndSem Midterms > Clearing (Lab) > Flashcards

Clearing (Lab) Flashcards

(54 cards)

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1
Q

Serves as a bridge between dehydration and infiltration

A

Clearing

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2
Q

Clearing agents are miscible with both ________ and _________

A

Ethanol & Paraffin Wax

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3
Q

The goal of clearing

A

make the tissue clear

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4
Q

What property of clearing agents causes high transparency to tissues

A

High Refractive Index

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5
Q

The choice of clearing agent depends on what factors?

A
  • type of tissue
  • type of processing and processor system
  • intended processing conditions
  • safety factors, cost and convenience
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6
Q

Clearing agent used for automated processes

A

Xylene

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7
Q

Most common clearing agent

A

Xylene

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8
Q

Soaking an incompletely dehydrated tissue in xylene will cause what appearance

A

Milky

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9
Q

Xylene is not preferred for what type of tissue

A

CNS tissues

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10
Q

Procedure for Xylene

A

20min - 20min - 45min

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11
Q

Process whereby alcohol or a dehydrating agent is removed

A

Clearing

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12
Q

Used for clearing when the tissue is to be cleared directly from water (ex: Frozen sections)

A

Glycerin and Gum Syrup

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13
Q

Clearing agent used for when no dealcoholization is involved

A

Glycerin and Gum Syrup

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14
Q

Characteristics of a good clearing agent

A
  • should be miscible with alcohol
  • should be miscible and easily removed by melted paraffin wax
  • should not produce excessive shrinkage, hardening and damage of tissue
  • should not dissolve out aniline dyes
  • should not evaporate quickly in a water bath
  • should make tissue transparent
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15
Q

Another name for Xylene

A

Xylol

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16
Q

Clearing time for Xylene

A

1/2hr to 1hr

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17
Q

Clearing time for Toluene

A

1 - 2hrs

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18
Q

Clearing time for Benzene

A

15 - 60mins

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19
Q

Clearing agent used for larger or thicker tissue blocks (up to 1cm)

A

Chloroform

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20
Q

Tissues placed in this clearing agent do not become translucent

A

Chloroform

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21
Q

“Routine work” is how many hours?

A

6 - 24hrs

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22
Q

Used to clear both paraffin and celloidin sections during embedding process

23
Q

Clearing agent recommended for CNS tissues and Cytological studies

24
Q

Usual clearing time for Cedar Oil

25
Cedar Oil can clear _______ in 5 to 6 days
Celloidin
26
Clearing agent that is able to clear 70% alcohol
Aniline Oil
27
Clearing agent that is able to perform two processes at the same time
Tetrahydrofuran
28
Clearing time for Dioxane
4 hrs
29
How many times does Dioxane change within 4 hrs
3
30
Earliest transition solvents to be used in histology
Terpenes
31
A natural oil found in the skins of citrus fruits
Limonene
32
Clearing action with the lowest hazard rating of all xylene alternatives
Orange Oil Based clearing agents
33
Government regulations have restricted most of the effective solvents in this class
Chlorinated Hydrocarbons
34
Has the tendency to get solidified at a lower temperature
Coconut Oil
35
This transition agent can also be used as an dealcoholization agent
Coconut Oil
36
Present as a barrier to wax infiltration
Fat
37
Preferred for processing brain tissues
Toluene
38
Best transition agent
Benzene
39
Often used on dense tissues
Chloroform
40
Clearing agent that is an almost colorless mixture of isomers with a faint pleasant odor and very low evaporation rate
Terpineol
41
Terpineol clears tissue from how much concentration of alcohol
80% - 90% alcohol
42
Is a particularly useful substitute for Cedarwood Oil
Terpineol
43
Clearing agent that rapidly clears tissues from 95% alcohol
Cedarwood Oil
44
Formation of Crystalline Cedrol in Cedarwood Oil can be overcome by?
Addition of 1ml Xylene/Toluene to 80ml Cedarwood Oil
45
Temperature of Vacuum when restoring exhausted Cedarwood oil
60 degrees Celsius
46
When restoring exhausted Cedarwood Oil, how long must it stay in the vacuum
30 - 60mins
47
What process clears tissues after dehydration to prepare the tissues for its exposure to wax
Embedding Process
48
These are clear tissue sections after they have been stained to prepare it for microscopic evaluation
Mounting Tissues
49
Name 5 organic solvents
1. Xylene 2. Toluene 3. Benzene 4. Chloroform 5. Terpineol
50
What is the ratio of Xylene/Toluene to Cedarwood Oil when overcoming Crystalline Cedrol
1:80
51
Cedarwood Oil is largely composed of what?
Cedrene
52
Odor of Terpineol
faint Pleasant odor
53
Evaporation rate of Terpineol
Very low
54
When Dioxane is used, 3 changes are made in a total of how many minutes?
90mins

HistoPath Lec 2ndYR 2ndSem Midterms (5 decks)

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