Climate 1: All

Question 1

What is an ecoregion

Answer 1

climate zones that focus on landforms, soil, life, climate, and human activity

Question 2

What is the acronym for factors that affect climate

Answer 2

LOWERN: Latitude, Ocean Current, Wind and air masses, Elevation, Relief, and Near Water

Question 3

What is a bioclimate profile (AKA Climateograph)

Answer 3

Graphical representation of current and future climate data - includes temp and moisture conditions

Question 4

do volcanic eruotions warm or cool the earth

Answer 4

cool - Ash flow

Question 5

what are the things that make earth’s orbit variable

Answer 5

Eccentricity
Tilt
Precession - The axis moves

Question 6

How often does el nino occur

Answer 6

3-7 years

Question 7

what are some causes of climate change that are neither short nor long term

Answer 7

water vapour feedback loop
Albedo

Question 8

how does the water vapour feedback loop work

Answer 8

Atmosphere warms - increased
evapouration - further warming - more
evapouration…
OR
Atmosphere cools  less evapouration 
more cooling…

Question 9

What is Albedo

Answer 9

the amount of light reflected by a surface
e.g. Land has an albedo of about 0.20.

Question 10

how do we study climate changes across history

Answer 10

we dig up ice
bubbles in the ice reveal the concentration of greenhouse gasses

Question 11

how far back do we know about climate patterns

Answer 11

800 000y

Question 12

what are the three things we can use to date climate change

Answer 12

tree rings, coral, and rock formations

Question 13

in which ecoregion do we live

Answer 13

mixed wood plains

Question 14

how much energy is absorbed by land and oceans

Answer 14

51%

Question 15

how much is reflected by atmosphere and clouds

Answer 15

30%

Question 16

what is the average global temperature

Answer 16

15 C

Question 17

what is the atmosphere made up of

Answer 17

Made up of 78% N
21% O

Question 18

What are the layers of the atmosphere IN ORDER (from innermost to outermost)

Answer 18

Troposphere
Stratosphere
Mesosphere
Thermosphere
Exosphere
TSMTE

Question 19

What happens in the troposphere

Answer 19

Weather!
8/16 km above earth

Question 20

What happens in the stratosphere

Answer 20

16-50 km above earth
contains the ozone (blocking UV rays)

Question 21

what caused the hole in the ozone to be formed and discovered in the 90s

Answer 21

chlorofluorocarbons (in fridges and aerosol cans)

Question 22

what happens in the mesosphere

Answer 22

50-80 km above
meteors burn up

Question 23

what happens in the thermosphere

Answer 23

85-690 km above
ISS is here
northern lights are formed here due to ionisation

Question 24

what happens in the exosphere

Answer 24

690-10 000km
Outermost

Question 25

what are surface currents

Answer 25

Affect the uppermost 100-200m of water. caused by winds. major effect on climate and weather conditions

Question 26

what are gyres

Answer 26

Bordered by one or more continents cause surface currents to move clockwise above the equator and counterclockwise below the equato

Question 27

what is the coriolis effect

Answer 27

Rotation of the earth cause winds to deflect off to the right in the northern hemisphere and deflect off to the left in southern hemisphere

Question 28

what is the gulf stream

Answer 28

Delivers warm water from the tropics to western Europe. Radiates heat into the atmosphere

Question 29

what is the california current

Answer 29

Brings cool water south. Hawaii for example is in the tropics but has cooler climate than other tropic locations

Question 30

What is the global conveyer belt

Answer 30

powered by temperature and density moves slowly around the earth

Question 31

what is a heat sink

Answer 31

any heat reservoir

Question 32

what is wind

Answer 32

air moving from areas of high to low pressure

Question 33

what is a prevailing wind

Answer 33

a constant wind that happens because of areas of high and low pressure

Question 34

is water at the poles less or more salty

Answer 34

more

Question 35

why is water at the poles saltier?

Answer 35

ice rejects salt, remaining water is more salty and dense

Question 36

what is thermohaline circulation

Answer 36

Continuous flow of water around the world’s oceans caused by change in temperature and salinity

Question 37

please remember to memorize the Great Ocean Conveyer Belt

Answer 37

okay :)