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Flashcards in Climate Deck (30)
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1
Q

Long term; global changes in the atmosphere

A

Climate

2
Q

Where do these climate records come from

A
Proxies
Ice cores
Oxygen isotopes 
Foraminifera 
Tree rings
Coral growth rings
Leaf margins 
Habitat reconstruction
3
Q

Anything that represents something else

A

Proxies

4
Q

— tells us about the past temperatures

A

Paleotemperature proxy

5
Q

Preserve tiny bubbles that hold atmosphere samples of carbon dioxide from when they crystallized

A

Ice cores

6
Q

— is layered, so drilling into it all the way to the bottom you can count the —

A

Ice; rings/bands

7
Q

— and — can tell us about temperature

A

Oxygen and water

8
Q

Lots of ice sheets =

A

Ocean has a higher Oxygen 18/Oxygen16 ratio

9
Q

No ice sheets =

A

Ocean has a lower Oxygen 18/Oxygen16 ratio

10
Q

Ice sheets have a — Oxygen 18/Oxygen 16 ratio which makes the ratio in the ocean —

A

Lower; higher

11
Q

— from H2O is recorded in — that oceans organisms produce

A

O2; calcite

12
Q

Tiny organisms that make calcium carbonate skeletons

A

Foraminifera

13
Q

Foraminifera become — to help produce climate records

A

Sediment in deep ocean

14
Q

When climate gets warmer, 18O/16O ratio of seawater will —

A

Decrease

15
Q

Foraminiferal O2 isotope and calculated temperature record is used for — temp records

A

Cenozoic

16
Q

Oxygen isotopes are — and do not —

A

Stable; decay

17
Q

Annual paleoclimate records

A

Tree rings

18
Q

Tree rings grow in — conditions producing a new ring —

A

Favorable; every year

19
Q

Tree rings are a — climate proxy

A

Localized

20
Q

The — housed the oldest organism that was — years old

A

Bristlecone pine; 5000

21
Q

Oxygen isotopes in carbon; records can be 1000s of years old

A

Coral growth rings

22
Q

The — of the record is related to the — of the record

A

Length; resolution

23
Q

How detailed the proxy record is

A

Resolution

24
Q

How far back in time the proxy record can be used

A

Length

25
Q

— would not be useful for examining anthropogenic climate changes that occured I’m the last few 100 years

A

Foraminifera in Ocean sediment Cores

26
Q

Smooth edges of a leaf =

Jagged edges of a leaf =

A

Warm climate; cold climate

27
Q

Finding alligators in Alaska means the climate was at one time —. This is an example of —

A

Suitable for alligators unlike Alaska’s climate today; habitat reconstruction

28
Q

Ice sheet is a record of —-

A

Evaporation

29
Q

The 18O/16O ratio of the Antarctic Ice Sheet is — than the ocean

A

Lower

30
Q

Short term; local changes in the atmosphere

A

Weather