Climate change

Question 1

weather

Answer 1

atmosphere in a given day, day to day conditions in a place (clouds/temp)

Question 2

climate

Answer 2

long term, weather conditions over an area (averages)

Question 3

climate system components

Answer 3

atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, biosphere

Question 4

oceans critical for…

Answer 4

short/long term climate controls, store/transfer of heat

Question 5

global warming may happen due to

Answer 5

build up of co2 which absorbs radiation

Question 6

greenhouse effect

Answer 6

if no ghe then earth would be cold, ghg rising

Question 7

how much of co2 is ocean absorbing

Answer 7

30%-50%

Question 8

latest co2 reading

Answer 8

425.56ppm

Question 9

where is most warming

Answer 9

poles

Question 10

why would sea levels rise

Answer 10

melting of land ice

Question 11

effects of global warming on oceans

Answer 11

ocean chemistry, circulation, increased co2 (changes organisms there as increases pH/temp)

Question 12

coasts

Answer 12

affected by co2 conc/temp/sea levels, rising seas may submerge coasts, storms may flood/erode coasts and contaminate groundwater

Question 13

coast delta plains

Answer 13

sea intrudes and builds up sediment which rises seas

Question 14

human structures

Answer 14

prevent coasts shifting landward as sea rises, interfere with ability to adapt to change

Question 15

salt marsh/mangroves

Answer 15

salt marshes rot due to seawater exposure, protection from storms/flooding, act as nurseries but opens shore to erosion, negative impact on commercial fishing

Question 16

ways to alleviate sea level rise

Answer 16

elevate buildings, stop building on coasts, move buidlings

Question 17

water temperature

Answer 17

influences behaviour of organisms, changes can effect predator/prey, resources, species distribution

Question 18

coastal water

Answer 18

aquaculture popular for human food, increased temp means more disease, agal blooms which cause human disease/damage to shellfish

Question 19

seawater

Answer 19

temp/salinity of water causes water to sink, climate change affects deep water flow

Question 20

salinity

Answer 20

melting of sea ice decreases salinity, expected to slow down downwelling in north atlantic which could shut down entirely, meaning less oxygen in deep ocean causing mass extinction

Question 21

artic sea ice is

Answer 21

melting at alarming rate

Question 22

sea ice

Answer 22

affects animals that need it, seals rely on it for breeding, polar bears feed on seals, absence of sea ice means sea will warm up more, winter will freeze later and early spring

Question 23

species as water warms

Answer 23

warm replaces cold, phytoplankton decrease

Question 24

ocean acidification

Answer 24

not driven by climate change, co2 builds up and diffuses into ocean, co2 turns to carbonic acid increasing acidity, corrosive to shells, causes coral bleaching

Question 25

coral bleaching

Answer 25

when corals are stressed they release zooxanthellae due to acidification, temp change, acidification, uv light

Question 26

polar oceans

Answer 26

become more corrosive

Question 27

changes in reefs

Answer 27

decrease carbonate ions impacting carbonate secreting organisms