Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

BMS100 Clin Phys > Clin Phys 1 > Flashcards

Clin Phys 1 Flashcards

(74 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What are the 4 major tissue types?

A

Muscular, epithelial, nervous, connective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

T/F: a tissue is composed of one major type of cell

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

T/F: Organs are composed of one tissue type

A

False, varying quantities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Why is smooth muscle found in almost every region of the body?

A

because it forms an integral part of blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Common places nervous tissue is found includes…

A

brain
spinal cord
nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Common places epithelial tissue is found includes…

A

Lining of GI tract organs and other hallow organs
skin surface (epidermis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Common places muscle tissue is found includes…

A

cardiac muscle
smooth muscle
skeletal muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Common places connective tissue is found includes…

A

fat and other soft passing tissue
bone
tendon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Name examples of epithelial tissue function.

A

protection
transport
absorption
secretion/removal of wastes
diffusion
secretion of useful substances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How do epithelial cells optimize diffusion?

A

They have thin cells reducing the distance substances need to diffuse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the function of simple squamous epithelium?

A

allows materials to pass through by diffusion and filtration, and secretes lubricating substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the function of simple cuboidal epithelium?

A

Secretes and absorbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the function of simple columnar epithelium?

A

absorbs
secretes mucous and enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the function of pseudostratified columnar epithelium?

A

secretes mucus
ciliated tissue move mucus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the function of stratified squamous epithelium?

A

protects against abrasion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the function of stratified cuboidal epithelium?

A

protective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the function of stratified columnar epithelium?

A

secretes and protects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the three things epithelium faces?

A

a cavity, tube, or outside world

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What anchors and nourishes epithelial tissue?

A

Connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

T/F: Connective tissue membranes have no epithelial lining

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What does connective tissue line and cover?

A

line a joint
cover an organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are two ways epithelial membranes protect the skin?

A

physical barrier
substances it secretes keeps microbes from invading

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are two ways the respiratory membrane keeps “stuff” out of gas exchange?

A

squamous epithelium
hosting macrophages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What do mucous membranes line?

A

digestive tracts
respiratory tracts
urinary tracts
reproductive tracts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What does serous membranes line?
body cavities closed to exterior of the body: the peritoneal, pleural, and pericardial cavities
26
What does cutaneous membrane cover?
body surface (aka skin)
27
What do synovial membranes line and do?
joint cavities and produce fluid within the joint
28
What stronger structures does connective tissue protect?
bone, cartilage, dense regular (tendons, ligaments), dense irregular tissue (dermis of skin)
29
What weaker structures does connective tissue protect?
aerolar and reticular (lymph nodes, thymus, spleen), adipose tissue (fat)
30
What are the functions of fluid connective tissue?
RBCs: carries O2 and CO2 Platelets: helps clotting mechanisms Lymph: removes excess fluid and provides transport for immune cells
31
What is bone (connective tissue) important for?
endocrine organ mineral storage depot
32
What is fat (connective tissue) important for?
endocrine organ store of metabolic energy thermoregulator
33
What is another name for structural connective tissue?
connective tissue proper
34
What are the cell types in connective tissue proper?
fibroblasts osetoblasts/osteocytes chondroblasts adipocytes mesenchymal cells
35
What are the non-cellular elements (matrix) that make up connective tissue proper?
fibre: collagen, elastic, reticular ground substance: polysaccharide and protein complexes
36
T/F: Connective tissue proper contains only loose connective tissue.
False. Contains dense and loose connective tissue
37
Why are bone and cartilage not considered connective tissue proper?
no adipocytes
38
What are fibres responsible for?
structural characteristics of connective tissue
39
What is the difference between Type I and Type IV collagen fibres?
Type I: very strong, cable-like protein that imparts strength Type IV: more delicate that often links epithelial tissue to connective tissue
40
What are elastic fibres responsible for?
tissue and organ elasticity
41
What is ground substance?
- gelatinous material between cells and fibre - helps absorb pressure - located all throughout body
42
What is ground substance made of?
glycoproteins (globular proteins) and proteoglycans (large polysaccharides)
43
Is ground substance hydrophobic or hydrophilic?
hydrophilic
44
What do fibroblasts do in connective tissue proper?
produce the matrix
45
What do macrophages do in connective tissue proper?
diverse set of functions in repair and defence (immune cells)
46
What do adipocytes do in connective tissue proper?
central large fat--storing vacuole
47
What is muscle tissue?
specialized cytoskeleton that allows the cell to shorten and exert a pulling force with a variable expenditure of ATP
48
What is the function and structure of skeletal muscle tissue?
function: voluntary, responsible for movement, concentrated pulling force structure: striated fibres with a very orderly cytoskeletal arrangement, multiple nuclei per cell, myofibrils
49
What is the function and structure of cardiac muscle tissue?
function: involuntary, only found in heart, pumps blood structure: striated fibres with an orderly cytoskeletal arrangement, each cell has ONE nucleus, each cell is connected electrically
50
What is the function and structure of smooth muscle tissue?
function: involuntary, found in wide variety of organs --> wide variety of functions Structure: less order, lower ATP expenditure
51
What is the function of nervous tissue?
1. PNS detects a stimulus, relays it to CNS (sensory) 2. CND (brain, spinal cord) integrates this info --> response 3. response is carried to effectors (muscles, glands, blood vessels) via the peripheral nervous system (motor)
52
What is the main types of cells in nervous tissue?
neurons glial cells
53
What are neruons and their functions in the nervous system with regards to the stimuli cascade?
excitable cell receives a stimulus from a neuron or receptor (at dendrites) --> integrates it (ranks it, compares to other stimuli) (at cell body, axon hillock) --> passes along another stimulus if it is adequately stimulated (axon)
54
What are bundles of axons called in the PNS vs. CNS?
PNS: nerves CNS: tracts
55
What are the three exceptions to neuronal cell bodies only residing in the CNS?
dorsal root ganglia: neuronal cell bodies for axons that bring most sensory info from PNS to CNS autonomic ganglia: help regulate activities of the autonomic NS enteric ganglia: help regulate the activity of the gut
56
What are a cluster of neurons called?
ganglion
57
What are the 4 types of glial cells?
astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, schwann cells, microglial cells
58
What is the function of astrocytes?
supports neurons within CNS
59
What is the function of oligodendrocytes?
"insulate" axons with a layer of myelin within the CNS
60
What is the function of schwann cells?
myelinate (mature, protect) axons in the PNS --> increase speed of a stimulus
61
What is the function of microglial cells?
clean up debris, detect microbial invaders/injury in the CNS
62
What is the function of glial cells?
wrap around neurons for protection
63
What are the functions of the integumentary organ system?
- protection - sensation - removal of wastes - vitamin storage - thermoregulation - vitamin D production
64
What are the functions of the skeletal organ system?
- protection - support - movement - mineral balance
65
What are the functions of the muscular organ system?
- movement - blood sugar regulation
66
What are the functions of the nervous organ system?
- detects and processes sensory info --> responses - acid-base balance - thermoregulation - control of endocrine system
67
What are the functions of the endocrine organ system?
- secretes hormones that impact metabolism, activity, and growth of most organs/systems - electrolyte balance - mineral balance - thermoregulation - tissue repair (cortisol) - blood sugar regulation
68
What are the functions of the cardiovascular organ system?
- delivery of nutrients and oxygen to tissues - removal of wastes - acid-base balance - electrolyte balance - thermoregulation - removal of wastes
69
What are the functions of the lymphatic and immune system?
- protection from microbes - tissue repair - removal of wastes - destruction of cancer cells
70
What are the functions of the respiratory organ system?
- oxygenates blood and removes carbon dioxide - acid-base balance - removal of wastes
71
What are the functions of the digestive organ system?
- processes food and removes undigested wastes - vitamin D production - blood sugar regulation - vitamin storage
72
What are the functions of the urinary organ system?
- water balance - waste removal - mineral balance - electrolyte balance - removal of wastes - vitamin D production - acid-base balance - endocrine - RBC production
73
What are the functions of the reproductive organ system?
- produces gametes - support embryo/fetus - growth
74
T/F: Explanation for disease is due to dysfunction at molecule, cellular, or tissue level
True

BMS100 Clin Phys (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions