Clinical Eq. Nutrition

Question 1

Which hay causes wt. gain?

Answer 1

Alfalfa

Question 2

Why should you avoid feeding alfalfa to foals?

Answer 2

High Ca may interfere with electrolyte absorption and inc. P may lead to osteochondrosis

Question 3

Which spp. of hay contains toxic blister beetles?

Answer 3

Alfalfa

Question 4

What is the problem with feeding horses fescue?

Answer 4

contaminated with endophyte causing ergot alkaloids (fungi)

Question 5

C/S of Fescue Toxicosis

Answer 5

1. prolonged gestation
2. Premature separation of placenta
3. Dystocia
4. Retained placenta
5. Agalactia

Question 6

how do you prevent Fescue toxicosis?

Answer 6

move late gestation mares off pasture

Question 7

What is the problem with feeding red clover

Answer 7

Infected with mold (Rhizoctonia leguminicola)

Question 8

What is the toxin that causes horses who eat red clover to drool

Answer 8

Slaframine

Question 9

What are 3 concentrate issues?

Answer 9

1 .Graiin overload

2. Ionophore Toxicity
3. Moldy corn dz

Question 10

What are 4 side effects of grain overload!

Answer 10

1. Colic
2. Colitis
3. Gastric rupture
4. Laminitis

Question 11

C/S of Ionophore toxicity

Answer 11

Trembling, sweating, death, GI signs

Question 12

What is leukoencephalomalacia?

Answer 12

moldy corn poisoning

Question 13

C/S of Moldy corn poisoning

Answer 13

white matter liquefaction

Question 14

C/S of Esophageal obstruction

Answer 14

1. Dysphagia
2. Nasal discharge
3. Gagging
4. Trouble swallowing
5. stretching of neck

Question 15

Three feeds associated with esophageal obstruction

Answer 15

1. Pelleted feeds
2. Hay cubes
3. Beet pulp

Question 16

Tx of esophagal obstruction

Answer 16

1. Sedation

2. Naso-gastric tube

Question 17

Abnormal oral behaviors associated with feed management?

Answer 17

1. Cribbing
2. Wind-sucking
3. Wood chewing

Question 18

Locomotor stereotypes not associated with feed management

Answer 18

1. Weaving
2. Stall walking
3. Head shaking

Question 19

C/S of dental issues in horses

Answer 19

1. wt. loss
2. Dropping feed
3. Difficulty eating
4. Quidding

Question 20

What do blister beetles cause in horses

Answer 20

Canthardian toxicosis

Question 21

C/S of Blister beetle toxicosis in horses

Answer 21

1. colic
2. depression
3. anorexia
4. GIT erosions
5. Freq. urination

Question 22

Tx. of Canthardian toxicosis

Answer 22

no tx supportive care:
NSAIDS
Fluids

Question 23

Tx of colic

Answer 23

1. NSAIDs (Flunixin)
2. Rectal exam
3. NG intubation

Question 24

Tx of laminitis

Answer 24

1. NSAIDS
2. DMSO
3. Vasodilators
4. Shoeing
5. Tenotomy
6. No carb diet

Question 25

Performance horses will consume ___ % of BW in dry feeds

Answer 25

2-2.5

Question 26

T/F performance horses may be put on a low grain high roughage diet to inc. performance

Answer 26

F. high grain, low roughage

Question 27

3 common health concerns for aged horses

Answer 27

1. Dental issues 2. Parasitism 3. Arthritis

Question 28

What is the concern with feeding starved horses?

Answer 28

avoid high quality diet, will get refeeding syndrome, avoid deworming too

Question 29

Tx of Equine metabolic syndrome

Answer 29

1. low glycemic index diet 2. exercise 3. levothyroxine sodium

Question 30

Life threatening condition of ponies, donkeys, and mini horses characterized by sudden breakdown of body fat stores

Answer 30

Hyperlipemia

Question 31

Predisposing factors of hyperlipemia

Answer 31

1. obesity 2. prego/lactating female 3. insulin insensitive breeds

Question 32

Precipitating factors of hyperlipemia

Answer 32

1. inadequate feed intake 2. stress 3. pain 4. dz

Question 33

C/S of hyperlipemia

Answer 33

1. anorexia 2. Dysphagia 3. colic 4. pyrexia 5. encephalopathy 6. rapid wt. loss

Question 34

What will you find in inc. amts. in hyperlipemic ponies?

Answer 34

1. FFAs 2. Glycerol 3. LDLs

Question 35

how do you tx hyperlipemia?

Answer 35

1. Tx identifiable precipitating factors 2. Tx Secondary problems 3. Reduce LDLs

Question 36

What are 5 developmental orthopedic diseases discussed in class?

Answer 36

1. physitis 2. angular limb deformities 3. Flexural deformities 4. Osteochondrosis and OCD 5. Cervical vertebral malformation

Question 37

Key factors thought to be involved in Developmental orthopedic disease:

Answer 37

1. rapid growth 2. Diet imbalance 3. Biomechanical stress/trauma 4. Hormones 5. Genetic presisposition

Question 38

Etiological factors related to DOD?

Answer 38

1. high energy intake | 2. Failure of vascularization

Question 39

Most common DOD in thurobreds

Answer 39

physitis/epiphysitis

Question 40

What is Physitis

Answer 40

inflam of the physis

Question 41

Tx of Physitis

Answer 41

1. dec. nutritional plane (roughage only) 2. rest 3. NSAIDs

Question 42

Disturbances in endochondrial differentiation, proliferation, maturation and ossification of fast growing animals

Answer 42

Osteochondrosis

Question 43

C/S of Osteochondrosis and OCD in horses

Answer 43

1. joint effusion | 2. lameness

Question 44

how do you tx osteochondrosis and OCD

Answer 44

arthroscopy

Question 45

What is a bagby basket used to treat?

Answer 45

spinal fusion used to tx cervical vertebral malformation