Clinical Laboratory Management - 2nd Edition

Question 1

numerous potential hazards in the laboratory

Answer 1

chemical, biological, physical, and radioactive hazards, as well as musculoskeletal stresses

fires and electrical accidents
laboratory instruments and equipment may cause injury to the user

Question 2

contain
inherent risk to workers that is often difficult to measure and manage because
safety is not an intrinsic, absolute, and measurable property (

Answer 2

Laboratory

Question 3

Elements of a safety management plan

Answer 3

Administrative support
Risk assessment
Training
Plan review and record keeping

Question 4

The laboratory contains numerous hazards that fall into
four general classes:

Answer 4

biological, chemical, physical, and radiological.

Question 5

is any material, condition, or action
that may result in physical harm or impairment to employees.

Answer 5

Hazard

Question 6

Biological hazards include infectious agents such as

Answer 6

bacteria
parasites
fungi
viruses

Question 7

cause the majority of laboratory-
acquired infections

Answer 7

bacteria

Question 8

Chemical hazards include all chemicals that may be toxic
or irritating and include solids, liquids, and gases such as

Answer 8

mercury,
acetone,
xylene,
stains,
formaldehyde

Question 9

Physical hazards abound in the laboratory and include
such things as

Answer 9

ergonomic issues
fire
electrical hazards
noise levels
equipment accidents
UV light exposure
compressed gases

Question 10

The risk associated with handling hazardous material
should be assessed, and an exposure control plan should
be implemented.

Answer 10

Risk assessment

Question 11

protect the wearer from exposure to po-
tentially infectious material and other hazardous material
and are available in materials designed for specific tasks.

Answer 11

gloves

Question 12

hould
be used when splashes or sprays of infectious material
or chemicals may occur.

Answer 12

face and eye protection

Question 13

Laboratory workers should wear this when there is a potential
for splashing or spraying, the material must be fluid resistant.

Answer 13

protective clothing

Question 14

are those that involve making
changes to the work environment to reduce work-related
hazards.

Answer 14

engineering controls

Question 15

are procedures for safe and proper work that are used to reduce the duration, frequency, or intensity of exposure to a hazard.

Answer 15

Work practices

Question 16

are available to prevent inhalation of
chemical dust or fumes and infectious aerosols. The type of mask used depends on the specific hazard.

Answer 16

Respiratory protection

Question 17

are designed to provide a universal policy to alert visitors and employees to potential
laboratory hazards and hazardous areas in the laboratory.

Answer 17

Warning signs and levels

Question 18

should be used when there is risk of
exposure to hazardous fumes or splashes while preparing
or dispensing chemical solutions.

Answer 18

Chemical fume hoods

Question 19

destroy all microorganisms, but
not necessarily their spores, on inanimate surfaces.

Answer 19

Disinfectants

Question 20

agents that kill all microbial life, including spores,
on inanimate surfaces.

Answer 20

Sterilants

Question 21

a procedure that eliminates or reduces microbial or toxic agents to a safe level with respect to the transmission of infection or other adverse effects.

Answer 21

Decontamination

Question 22

A system of respirable particles dispersed in a gas,
smoke, or fog that can be retained in the lungs

Answer 22

Aerosol

Question 23

The spread of infection by inhalation of droplet nuclei containing an infectious agent.

Answer 23

Airborne Transmission

Question 24

Pathogenic microorganisms that are
present in human blood and can cause disease in humans

Answer 24

Blood-borne pathogens

Question 25

Substance capable of causing a malignant tumor in humans or animals.

Answer 25

Carcinogen

Question 26

The airborne concentration of a substance that cannot be exceeded at any time during the workday.

Answer 26

Ceiling limit

Question 27

Describes the presence or reasonably anticipated presence of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item or surface

Answer 27

Contaminated

Question 28

Any substance that causes visible destruction of hu- man tissue at the site of contact. T

Answer 28

Corrosive

Question 29

A procedure that eliminates or reduces microbial or toxic agents to a safe level with respect to the transmission of infection or other adverse effects.

Answer 29

Decontamination

Question 30

An agent intended to destroy or irreversibly inactivate all microorganisms, but not necessarily their spores, on inanimate surfaces, e.g., work surfaces or medical devices

Answer 30

Disinfectant

Question 31

A procedure that kills pathogenic microorganisms but not necessarily their spores.

Answer 31

Disinfection

Question 32

Controls (e.g., sharps disposal containers, self-sheathing needles, safer medical devices) that isolate or re- move the hazard from the workplace.

Answer 32

Engineering Controls

Question 33

A general term for an agent that kills pathogenic microorganisms on inanimate surfaces

Answer 33

Germicide

Question 34

Waste containing or assumed to contain pathogens of sufficient virulence and quantity that exposure to the waste by a susceptible host may result in a communicable disease

Answer 34

Infectious waste

Question 35

A trade organization of the commercial airline industry that governs international aviation and publishes Dangerous Goods Regulations for use by anyone who packs, ships, or handles dangerous goods

Answer 35

International Air Transport Association (AITA)

Question 36

Specialized clothing or equipment worn by an employee for protection against a hazard.

Answer 36

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Question 37

iquid or semiliquid blood or OPIMs, con- taminated items that would release blood or OPIMs in a liquid or semiliquid state if compressed, items that are caked with dried blood or OPIMs and are capable of releasing these materials dur- ing handling, contaminated sharps, and pathological and micro- biological wastes containing blood or OPIMs.

Answer 37

Regulated Waste

Question 38

Set of precautions applied to all patients; designed to reduce risk of transmission of microorganisms in the healthcare setting.

Answer 38

Standard precautions

Question 39

An agent intended to destroy all microorganisms (vi- ruses, vegetative bacteria, fungi, and a large number of highly resistant bacterial endospores) on inanimate surfaces.

Answer 39

Sterilant

Question 40

A procedure that effectively kills all microbial life, including bacterial spores, on inanimate surfaces.

Answer 40

Sterilization

Question 41

Set of precautions designed to reduce the risk of transmission of HIV, HBV, and other blood-borne patho- gens in the healthcare setting.

Answer 41

Universal precautions

Question 42

Category Shipment details

Answer 42

Shipper information consignee information name and telephone number of person responsible orientation label (on opposing sides) Proper shipping name and UN number Hazard Label Quantity (only required when shipping with dry ice)