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Block 2 Exam 3 > Clinical Manifestations / Complications > Flashcards

Clinical Manifestations / Complications Flashcards

1
Q

Atelectasis (acute and chronic)

A

Dyspnea, cough, sputum
Increased WOB

Acute: tachycardia, tachypnea, pleural pain, central cyanosis

Chronic: similar to acute, infection might be present

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2
Q

Influenza

A

Abrupt onset
Fever, chills, myalgia, fatigue
HA, sore throat

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3
Q

Influenza complications

A

PNA
Sinus infection
Dehydration

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4
Q

Streptococcal PNA

A

Sudden chills, fever
Pleuratic chest pain
Respiratory distress

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5
Q

Viral/mycoplasma/Legionella PNA

A

Bradycardia

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6
Q

PNA complications

A

Atelectasis
Pleurisy
Pleural effusion
Pneumothorax
Meningitis
ARF
Sepsis, shock

Also delirium with older

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7
Q

TB

A

2-3 weeks after infection…
Cough (dry then productive)
Fatigue, malaise, fever, night sweats
Anorexia and weight loss
Later: dyspnea (unusual) and hemoptysis

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8
Q

SUD

A

Mood
Hygiene
Odd sleep patterns
Injuries
Relationship problems
Poor job performance
Anorexia
Isolation
Financial problems, jail, theft
Withdrawal

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9
Q

Long term alcohol use complications

A

HTN, CM, heart disease
Stroke
Liver
Gastritis
Pancreatits
Immunosuppression
Sexual dysfunction

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10
Q

BAL 0.4 to 0.5

A

Coma
Impaired breathing and HR
Nystagmus

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11
Q

BAL 0.200 to 0.299

A

NV
Emotional
Decreased libido
Motor impairment
Blackout
Loss of consciousness

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12
Q

BAL 0.001 to 0.029

A

Normal

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13
Q

BAL 0.030 to 0.059

A

Mild euphoria
Relaxed
Happy
Talkative
Impaired concentration

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14
Q

BAL 0.060 to 0.099

A

Reduced pain
Euphoria
Extraversion
Impaired depth perception and peripheral vision

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15
Q

Wernicke Korsakoff

A

Vitamin B deficiency
Vision changes
Memory impairment
Dementia

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16
Q

DT

A

Anxiety, fear, irritable, agitated
Tremor
Insomnia
Incontinent
Hallucinations
Tachycardia, HTN, dilated pupils, hyperthermia, sweating

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17
Q

Chronic bronchitis

A

Cough with sputum 3 months for 2 years
Increased goblet cells
Enlarged submucosal glands
Cilia dysfunction
Inflammation

(“Blue bloater” cyanosis)

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18
Q

Emphysema pathophysiology

A

Abnormal airspace distention
Alveoli wall destruction
Increased dead space
Impaired diffusion
Hypoxemia
Hypercapnia

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19
Q

COPD pathophysiology

A

Chronic inflammation in airways, parenchyma, and pulmonary blood vessels
Air trapping
Hypersecretion
Mucosal edema
Bronchospasm

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20
Q

Effects of aging on respiratory system

A

Loss of elasticity
Stiff chest wall
Rib cage calcification
Kyphosis
Decreased exercise tolerance
Smaller rounder lungs
Decreased number alveoli

21
Q

COPD

A

Cough and sputum
Dyspnea
Accessory muscles, chest breathing
Weight loss
Exercise intolerance
Wheezes, deceased breath sounds
Tripod, pursed lip, long expiratory

22
Q

COPD complications

A

Exacerbations
Respiratory insufficiency
Respiratory failure
PH/cor pulmonale
PNA

23
Q

Cor pulmonale

A

Dyspnea
Crackles
JVD
Hepatomegaly, RUQ tenderness
Edema, weight gain

24
Q

O2 therapy complications

A

Combustion
CO2 narcosis
O2 toxicity
Absorption atelectasis
Infection

25
Q

Lung cancer

A

Dyspnea
Hemoptysis
Chest and shoulder pain
Pneumonitis
Cough with sputum
Dysphagia
Swollen lymph nodes
Clubbing

Nonspecific: weight loss, weakness, HA

26
Q

Obesity complications

A

2 to 6 year decrease of lifespan
Increased risk for cancer, DM2, asthma, HTN, Alzheimer’s, musculoskeletal disorders
Respiratory failure, OSA, obesity hypo ventilation syndrome
HF, embolism

27
Q

Dumping syndrome

A

Sweating
Tachycardia
NVD
Dizzy

28
Q

Smoking’s effect on body

A

Lung damage
Damage to protective mechanics
Airflow obstruction
Increase secretions
Reduced lung capacity

29
Q

Pneumothorax

A

Dyspnea, tachypnea, tachycardia, pleuritic chest pain, tracheal deviation, absence of breath sounds, fremitus

30
Q

Liver dysfunction

A

Jaundice
Encephalopathy
Angioma
Lack of body hair
Muscle wasting
Widened blood vessels
Ascites
Red palms
Cirrhosis

31
Q

Jaundice

A

Yellow
High bilirubin

32
Q

Hepatocellular jaundice

A

Sick
Anorexia, NV
Malaise, fatigue, weak
HA, chills, fever, infection

33
Q

Obstructive jaundice

A

Dark urine, pale stool
Dyspepsia, fat intolerance, impaired digestion
Pruritis

34
Q

Hepatic encephalopathy

A

Lethargy
Change in sleep patterns
Drowsiness
Mood swings
Confusion
Incoherent
Stupor
Coma

35
Q

Esophageal varices

A

Hematemesis
Melena
Deterioration
Shock

36
Q

Hep A

A

Mild flu
Low fever
Anorexia
Later jaundice and dark urine
Indigestion and epigastric distress
Large liver and spleen

37
Q

Hep B

A

Insidious and variable
Similar to HAV (mild flu)
Low appetite
Dyspepsia
Abdominal pain
Aches
Malaise
Weakness
Maybe jaundice

38
Q

Hep C

A

Mild symptoms but high chance of becoming chronic

39
Q

Hep D

A

High chance of sudden liver failure or chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis

40
Q

Cirrhosis

A

Hepatomegaly
Portal obstruction
Ascites
Infection
Peritonitis
Varices
Edema
Vitamin deficiency
Anemia
Mental deterioration

41
Q

Liver CA

A

Pain at RUQ, back, epigastrium
Weight loss
Anemia
Anorexia
Weak
Jaundice if bile duct occlusion
Ascites
Obstructed portal veins

Also: hepatomegaly

42
Q

Glaucoma

A

Silent thief
Loss of peripheral vision
Blurry
Halo
Hard time focusing and adjusting to low lighting
Achy eyes and HA

43
Q

Cataracts

A

Painless blurry vision
Dim
Glare sensitivity
Reduced acuity
Myopic shift
Astigmatism
Diplopia (double vision)
Color shifts

44
Q

Retinal detachment

A

Shade / curtain in vision at 1 eye
Flashing lights
Sudden floaters

45
Q

Hearing loss

A

Tinnitus
Turning up TV
Impaired speech
Isolation

46
Q

External otitis

A

Pain
Tender
Discharge
Edema
Erythema
Pruritis
Hearing loss
Fullness

47
Q

Acute otitis media

A

Otalgia
Fever
Hearing loss

48
Q

Ménière’s disease

A

Triad: episodic vertigo, tinnitus, fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss
Pressure, NV

49
Q

PNA

A

Cough
Fever and chills
Dyspnea and tachypnea
Myalgia
Pleural chest pain
Accessory muscles
Orthopnea
Crackles
Fremitus vibration
Purulent sputum
Change in mentation

Block 2 Exam 3 (6 decks)

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