CLPS 1700- Lectures - 8

Question 1

Vaillant 1977, 1986, 2000

Answer 1

redefine/reoganized Freudian defense mechanism theories into four levels: psychotic, immature, neurotic, mature; hint: he “vailliantly” revamped Freud

Question 2

Who: revamped Freud into four levels of mechanisms

Answer 2

Vaillant: psychotic, immature, neurotic, mature

Question 3

Vaillant’s level 1

Answer 3

alter reality: psychotic mechanisms

Question 4

Vaillant’s level 2

Answer 4

alter distress: immature mechanisms

Question 5

Vaillant’s level 3

Answer 5

alter internal feelings: neurotic mechanisms

Question 6

Vaillant’s level 4

Answer 6

integrate reality/feeling/interpersonal: mature mechanisms

Question 7

Psychotic mechanisms

Answer 7

delusional projections (externalize the enemy), denial, distortion (I am the prophet Isaiah)

Question 8

Immature mechanisms

Answer 8

projection, schizoid fantasy, hypochondriasis, passive-aggression, acting out

Question 9

projection as a defense mechanism

Answer 9

attribute negative feelings to someone else

Question 10

schizoid fantasy as defense mechanism

Answer 10

state of reverie: enjoy the fantasy even without believing it

Question 11

hypochondriasis as defense mechanism

Answer 11

excuse/means of focusing attention without confronting issue

Question 12

passive-aggression as defense mechanism

Answer 12

indirect aggressions, don’t acknowledge the intent of aggression

Question 13

acting out as defense mechanism

Answer 13

no responsibility taken for reasoning behind or consequences of emotions

Question 14

Neurotic mechanisms

Answer 14

intellectualization, repression, displacement, reaction formation, dissociaiton

Question 15

intellectualization as defense mechanism

Answer 15

aware of thoughts, but don’t feel because can’t explain it: separate thought from feeling to defend against the anxiety the emotion may cause

Question 16

repression as defense mechanism

Answer 16

can’t explain emotion but still feel them

Question 17

displacement as defense mechanism

Answer 17

shift emotion to something else, like lining up stuffed animals to face dad to make youn feel better

Question 18

reaction formation as defense mechanism

Answer 18

engage in opposite: control-worried children being Superman

Question 19

dissociation as defense mechanism

Answer 19

modification of sense of identity to avoid emotions, common in PTSD

Question 20

Mature mechanisms

Answer 20

altruism, humor, suppression, anticipation, sublimation

Question 21

altruism as defense mechanism

Answer 21

take early anxiety source and use for common good: often developmental progression from acting out

Question 22

humor as defense mechanism

Answer 22

reforming the distressful situation

Question 23

suppression as defense mechanism

Answer 23

suppress anxiety and focus on other things: not going to think about it right now

Question 24

anticipation as defense mechanism

Answer 24

being proactive

Question 25

sublimation as defense mechanism

Answer 25

take feeling and transform into something positive: like art as manifestation of internal struggle

Question 26

Which of Vaillant's four levels of defense mechanisms are performed by better-functioning individuals?

Answer 26

3 and 4