Cnidaria And Porifera

Question 1

An organism whose mouth forms second during the process of gastrulation

Answer 1

Deuterostome

Question 2

Body symmetry where the organism can be divided into two right and left halves

Answer 2

Bilateral

Question 3

The middle layer of a developing embryo

Answer 3

Mesoderm

Question 4

Animals with backbones

Answer 4

Vertebrates

Question 5

Pieces of silica which make up the “skeleton” of many sponges

Answer 5

Spicules

Question 6

The top side of an organism

Answer 6

Dorsal

Question 7

The cells in sponges that are responsible for moving water currents through the sponge

Answer 7

Collar cells

Question 8

The gathering of nerve tissue and sensory organs at the anterior end of the body

Answer 8

Cephalization

Question 9

The “rear” end of an organism

Answer 9

Posterior

Question 10

A hollow ball of cells formed after a zygote undergoes several rounds of cell division

Answer 10

Blastula

Question 11

The motile stage of the sponge life cycle

Answer 11

Larva

Question 12

The process of eliminating cellular waste

Answer 12

Excretion

Question 13

An organism whose mouth is formed first during gastrulation

Answer 13

Protostome

Question 14

A word which describes organisms which exhibit no definite symmetry

Answer 14

Asymmetrical

Question 15

Animals with no backbones

Answer 15

Invertebrates

Question 16

Stinging cells found along the tentacles of Cnidarians

Answer 16

Cnidocytes

Question 17

The inner-most germ layer of a developing embryo

Answer 17

Endoderm

Question 18

The free-swimming, sexually reproducing generation of a Cnidarian

Answer 18

Medusa

Question 19

The type of body symmetry where the organism is symmetrical numerous ways around a central axis

Answer 19

Radial

Question 20

Animals that must eat other organisms for energy

Answer 20

Heterotrophs

Question 21

The flexible protein which makes up the supporting structure of many sponges

Answer 21

Spongin

Question 22

The opening where water leaves a sponge

Answer 22

Osculum

Question 23

Organisms that don’t move are _______?

Answer 23

Sessile

Question 24

The name for the jelly-like substance found between the endoderm and ectoderm in Cnidarians

Answer 24

Mesoglea

Question 25

The underside of an organism

Answer 25

Ventral

Question 26

A poison filled, stinging dart found in Cnidarians

Answer 26

Nematocysts

Question 27

The __________ cavity in Cnidarians is a analogous to the human stomach

Answer 27

Gastrovascular

Question 28

The front end of an organism

Answer 28

Anterior

Question 29

The sessile, asexually reproducing generation of a Cnidarian

Answer 29

Polyp

Question 30

The outermost layer of a developing embryo

Answer 30

Ectoderm

Question 31

A body cavity which forms in many animals; organs are often located within this cavity

Answer 31

Coelem

Question 32

The 5 characteristics of an animal

Answer 32

1. Heterotrophic and usually obtain food through ingestion followed by digestion 2. Typically can move by muscle fibres 3. Multicellular with specialized cells 4. Typically diploid in adult stage of life cycle 5. Sexual reproduction, produces and embryo

Question 33

3% of animals

Answer 33

Are vertebrates

Question 34

97% of animals

Answer 34

Invertebrates

Question 35

The 2 body plans

Answer 35

1. The sac plan 2. The tube within a tube plan

Question 36

Level of organization

Answer 36

1. Cell 2. Tissue- a group of similar cells 3. Organ- different types of tissues grouped together

Question 37

Filter organisms out of the water

Answer 37

Filter feeders

Question 38

Feed on decaying plant and animal materials

Answer 38

detritus feeders

Question 39

Diffusion happens through?

Answer 39

Cell membrane, skin, lungs

Question 40

Can move but remains often in one spot

Answer 40

Sedentary

Question 41

Cnidarians have what form of symmetry?

Answer 41

Radial symmetry

Question 42

True tissues

Answer 42

Ectoderm- inside layer Ectoderm- outside layer Mesoglea- the jelly between the 2 tissue layers

Question 43

Cells called __________ which contain stinging structures called ____________

Answer 43

Cnidocytes, nematocysts

Question 44

The two alternating generations in Cnidarians

Answer 44

Medusa- free swimming, sexual Polyp- sessile, asexual

Question 45

How do Medusas move?

Answer 45

They contract their bell, allowing them to move through water jet propulsion

Question 46

Toxin that causes paralysis

Answer 46

Neurotoxin

Question 47

Toxin that affects muscle tissue

Answer 47

Myotoxin

Question 48

Toxin that Causes Red blood cells to burst

Answer 48

Hemolytic toxin

Question 49

Toxin that causes tissue death

Answer 49

Necrotic toxin

Question 50

Polyps reproduce asexually through?

Answer 50

Budding

Question 51

Medusa reproduce sexually through?

Answer 51

Broadcast fertilization, sperm moves into the gastrovascular cavity where the eggs are released

Question 52

No body cavity; interior space filled with mesodermal tissue

Answer 52

Acoelomate

Question 53

A body cavity incompletely lined with mesodermal tissues

Answer 53

Pseudocoelem

Question 54

Body cavity completely lined with mesodermal tissue; mesodermal tissue forms mesentery which holds internal organs in place

Answer 54

Coelom