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CNS Flashcards

(51 cards)

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1
Q

Prosencephalon

A

Forebrain

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2
Q

Telencephalon

A

Cerebrum

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3
Q

What connects the 2 hemispheres of the brain

A

Corpus callosum

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4
Q

What is gray matter made of and where is it

A
  • superficial in the cerebral cortex
  • neurons and glia
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5
Q

What is white matter made of, where is it

A
  • deep in cerebral cortex
  • myelinated axons
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6
Q

Frontal lobe

A

Includes primary motor (pre central gyrus) and pre motor/ supplementary motors areas, association areas

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7
Q

Parietal lobe

A

Primary sensory (post central gyrus)
Association areas

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8
Q

Temporal lobe

A

Contains primary auditory area (superior temporal gyrus)

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9
Q

Occipital lobe

A

Primary visual (calcarine fissure) and visual association areas

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10
Q

Basal Ganglia

A

Subcortical nuclei that include caudate, puta,en, globes pallidus, and subthalamic nucleus

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11
Q

Diencephalon

A

Thalamus and hypothalamus

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12
Q

Thalamus

A

Major relay station for sensory functions, not olfaction

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13
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Maintenance of homeostasis and equilibrium. Controls motivated behaviors. Connected to autonomic and endocrine systems. Connected to pituitary gland by infundibulum.

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14
Q

Mesencephalon

A

Midbrain:
- cerebral peduncles
- substantia nigra
- red nucleus
- motor nuclei of cranial nerves 3 and 4
- tectum

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15
Q

Cerebral peduncles

A

Involved in the lateral and anterior corticospinal tracts. Motor

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16
Q

Substantia nigra

A

Functions with basal ganglia

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17
Q

Red nucleus

A

Vascular. Start of rubrospinal tract

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18
Q

Tectum

A

Contains superior and inferior colliculi

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19
Q

Rhombencephalon

A

Hindbrain

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20
Q

Metencephalon

A

Pons and cerebellum

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21
Q

Pons

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A

Contributes to multiple ascending and descending tracts. Interconnected with cerebellum via cerebellar peduncle.

22
Q

Which cranial nerves originate at the pons

23
Q

Cerebellum

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A

Involved in motor programming and coordination of movement. Cerebellar peduncles connect it to brain stem

24
Q

Myelencephalon

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A

Medulla oblongata

25
Medulla
A part of many spinal tracts. An important sensory relay nuclei.
26
Pyramidal decussation
Crossover point for motor fibers at spinomedullary junction
27
Brain stem
Midbrain, pons, medulla
28
Dura matter
- superficial layer - thick and tough - double layered in skull - single layered in spinal cord
29
Arachnoid
Middle layer - spider web like - delicate
30
Pía matter
Deepest layer - closely adheres to brain surface -transparent to naked eye
31
Subarachnoid space
- Contains cerebral spinal fluid - surrounds entire brain - creates cushion by buoyancy
32
Arachnoid granulations
Extensions of arachnoid through the dura into venous sinus (superior saggital sinus) which allows cerebral spinal fluid to enter venous circulation
33
Subarachnoid cisterns
Enlargement of subarachnoid space
34
Falx cerebri
Separates hemispheres
35
Tentorium cerebelli
Makes roof over cerebellum
36
Diaphragm sella
Sits over sella trucica
37
Choroid plexus
Highly vascularized connective tissue (mesodermal origin) covered with an ependymal layer Makes cerebral spinal fluid in ventricular system
38
Lateral ventricle
- 2 - cavity of telencephalon
39
3rd ventricle
Cavity of diencephalon
40
Cerebral aqueduct of Sylvius
Cavity of the mesencephalon
41
Fourth ventricle
Cavity of the metencephalon and mylencephalon
42
Foramen of Magendie and Foramen of Luschka
Continuous with subarachnoid space, exit cite for cerebral spinal fluid in ventricular system
43
Central canal
Cavity of spinal cord
44
Cerebral spinal fluid flow
Lateral ventricle (anterior, posterior, inferior horns) —> interventricular Foramen —> third ventricle —> cerebral aqueduct —> fourth ventricle —> Foramen of magendie and luschka —> subarachnoid space
45
Epidural region
- above dura - beneath bone of skull - potential space
46
Subdural space
- between dura and arachnoid - potential space
47
C1-C4
Neck
48
C5-T1
Upper extremity
49
T1-L1
Trunk
50
L2-S3
Lower extremity
51
S4-5, CX 1
Pelvis and perineum

Anatomy (21 decks)

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