Flashcards in CNS Deck (19)
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1
What is homonymous hemianopia?
Hemianopic visual field loss on the same side of both eyes
Posterior cerebral artery occlusion
Lesions from the optic tract to visual cortex
2
What is bitemporal hemianopia?
Partial blindness where vision is missing in the outer half of both the right and left visual field
Lesions of the optic chiasm (tumours mid-optic chiasm)
3
What does the anterior cerebral artery supply?
Medial surface of cerebral hemisphere until the peri-occipital sulcus
4
Where does the middle cerebral artery supply?
2/3 of the lateral surface of the brain
Central branches supply the corpus striatum, thalamus and internal capsule
5
Where does the posterior cerebral artery supply?
Corpus callosum
Cortex of occipital and temporal lobes
Central branches supply the optic radiation, subthalamic nucleus and thalamus
6
Which arteries are the brainstem and cerebellum supplied by?
Vertebral and basilar
7
CN I functions
Olfactory
Special sensory: smell from nasal mucosa
8
CN II functions
Optic
Special sensory: vision from retina
9
CN III functions
Oculomotor
Somatic motor: medial, superior, inferior rectus muscles, inferior oblique
Visceral motor: pupil constriction
10
CN IV functions
Trochlear
Somatic motor: superior oblique extra-ocular muscle
11
CN V functions
Trigeminal
Opthalmic V1: sensory superior 1/3 of face + cornea
Maxillary V2: sensory median 1/3 of face
Mandibular V3: sensory mandible + lower lip, motor=masseter & pterygoids/muscles of mastication
12
CN VI functions
Abducent
Somatic motor: lateral rectus extra-ocular
13
CN VII functions
Facial
Somatic motor: muscles of facial expression
Visceral motor: submandibular/sublingual glands, lacrimal glands
Special sensory: taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue
General sensory: skin of external acoustic meatus
14
CN VIII functions
Vestibulocochlear
Special sensory: hearing (vestibular) and balance (cochlear)
15
CN IX functions
Glossopharyngeal
Somatic motor: stylopharyngeus
Visceral motor: parotid gland
Special sensory: posterior 1/3 of tongue
General sensory: external ear and pharynx sensation
Visceral sensory: visceral feedback from carotid body
16
CN X functions
Vagus
Somatic motor: palatal/laryngeal/pharyngeal muscles of swallowing
Visceral motor: parasympathetic innervation to smooth muscles of the trachea, bronchi, digestive tract, heart
Visceral sensory: sensation from trachea, bronchi, digestive tract, heart
Special sensory: taste from epiglottis/palate
General sensory: sensation from auricle and external acoustic meatus
17
CN XI functions
Accessory
Motor: sternocleidomastoid & trapezius
18
CN XII functions
Hypoglossal
Intrinsic/extrinsic muscles of the tongue
19
