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Pharmacology > CNS/PNS > Flashcards

CNS/PNS Flashcards

(53 cards)

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1
Q

CNS Stimulant Actions

A

Stimulate the release of neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine-then block reuptake

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2
Q

CNS Indications (2)

A
  • ADD/ADHD

- Narcolepsy

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3
Q

CNS Stimulant Side Effects (6)

A
  • Nervousness
  • Insomnia
  • Dizziness
  • Headache
  • Blurred vision
  • Anorexia
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4
Q

Drug-drug CNS Stimulant (3)

A
  • MAOI (HTN crisis)
  • Tricyclic antidepressant
  • Phenytonin
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5
Q

Atomoxetine (Strattera) is _____

A

Non-addictive

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6
Q

Methylphenidate and amphetamine are ___

A

Controlled substance (physical and psychological dependence)

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7
Q

Goal of anticonvulsant drugs

A

Suppress abnormal neuron firing

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8
Q

Gabapentin can also be use for patients with….

A

Peripheral neuropathy due to DM

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9
Q

Hydantoins are best for patients who are unable to tolerate what?

A

Sedation and drowsiness

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10
Q

Side effects for Hydantoins (3)

A
  • Gingival hyperplasia
  • Teratogenic
  • Decreased libido
  • Nystagmus (eye twitching)
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11
Q

Barbiturates indications (3)

A
  • Partial seizures
  • Grand mal seizures
  • Acute episodes of status epilepticus
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12
Q

Barbiturates cautions

A
  • Sedation, and patient tolerance to drug

- Discontinue phenobarbital (gradually to reduce risk for seizure)

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13
Q

Clonazepam (Klonopin) indication

A

Controlling petit mal seizures

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14
Q

Clonazepam (Klonopin) tolerance may occur when?

A

After 6 months of use

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15
Q

Clonazepam (Klonopin) route of administration

A

PO

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16
Q

clorazepate dipotassium (Tranxene) indication

A

Adjunctive hearty for treating partial seizures

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17
Q

Clorazepate dipotassium (Tranxene) route of administration

A

PO

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18
Q

Diazepam (Valium) is used for what?

A

Emergency situations

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19
Q

Diazepam (Valium) route of administration

A

IV

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20
Q

Diazepam (Valium) indication

A

Acute status epilepticus

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21
Q

When giving valproic acid (Depakote) what should you monitor?

A

-Liver enzymes

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22
Q

Valproic acid has a ____therapeutic window

23
Q

Valproic acid indication (2)

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Petit mal

- Grand mal

24
Q

What order should drugs be given during status epilepticus

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Diazepam
  2. Lorazepam
  3. Phenytoin
  4. Midazolam (Versed) or proposal (Diprivan)
25
Parkinson’s disease has an imbalance of what two things?
Dopamine and acetylcholine
26
Parkinson’s medications will effect what two things?
Dopamine or acetylcholine
27
Anticholinergic blocks what?
Acetylcholine
28
Anticholinergic indications (2)
- Tx of Parkinson’s disease | - Relief of extrapyramidal symptoms
29
Anticholinergic contraindications (3)
- Narrow angle glaucoma - GI obstruction - Prostatic hypertrophy
30
Anticholinergic cautions (2)
- Dysrhythmias | - Hypotension
31
Benzotropine (Cogentin) route of administration
PO
32
Biperiden (Akineotn) route of administration
PO
33
trihexyphenidyl (Artane) route of administration
PO
34
Anticholinergic side effects (6)
- Disorientation - Agitation - Delirium - Urinary retention - Constipation - Dry mouth
35
Drug-drug interactions with Anticholinergic (2)
- Tricyclic antidepressants | - Phenthiazine
36
Dopaminergic does what?
Increase dopamine levels
37
Dopaminergic indication
Relief of the signs and symptoms of Parkinson’s disease
38
Dopaminergic contraindications (2)
- Angle closure glaucoma | - GI obstruction
39
Dopaminergic cautions (2)
- CV disease | - Psychiatric disorders
40
Dopaminergic Side Effects (4)
- Anxiety, nervousness - Headache - Blurred vision - Dysrhthmias
41
Drug-drug Dopaminergic (2)
- MAOI (HTN crisis) | - Vitamin B6 (decreases absorption)
42
What is the main Tx for Parkinson’s disease?
Levodopa
43
Levodopa route of administration
PO
44
Carbidopa-levodopa can’t be given with what?
Protein
45
Levodopa is the precursor to what?
Dopamine
46
Why is carbidopa paired with levodopa?
Carbidopa allows for the levodopa to enter the brain
47
MAO-B inhibitors do what?
Block the enzyme MAO-B, which breaks down dopamine
48
COMT inhibitors do what?
Inhibit the enzyme that inactivates dopamine
49
Goal for Alzheimer’s medications
Slow the cognitive decline
50
Acetylcholinesterase/cholinesterase inhibitors do what? (2)
- Allow more acetylcholine in neuron receptors | - Increase/maintain cognitive function
51
Acetylcholinesterase/cholinesterase inhibitors indication
Mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease
52
Acetylcholinesterase/cholinesterase inhibitors caution
Hepatoxicity
53
Acetylcholinesterase/cholinesterase inhibitors drug-drug (3)
- Theophylline - TCA’s - Cimetidine

Pharmacology (9 decks)

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