Coag exam, Factor and PLT basics

Question 1

Vascular system

Answer 1

controls rate of blood after injury, vasoconstriction (occurs first)

Question 2

Plt Activity

Answer 2

Temporary PLT plug (1” hemostasis)

Question 3

Coagulation system

Answer 3

Procoagulants form thrombin which forms fibrin from fibrinogen (2’ hemostasis)

Question 4

Fibrinolytic system

Answer 4

lyses fibrin clot as injury healhs

Question 5

Regulatory system

Answer 5

Inhibitors and anticoagulants control fibrin formation and lysis

Question 6

Thromboresistant

Answer 6

vascular lining that is nonreactive to coag factors and PLTs unless injured

Question 7

Vascular endotehlium releases

Answer 7

vWF (Plt-collagen adhesion), TF (secondary hemostasis), tPA (activates fibrinolysis),

Question 8

Tissue factor activates

Answer 8

The extrinsic pathway

Question 9

Exposed collagen activates

Answer 9

PLTs and contact factors of the intrinsic pathway

Question 10

Steps of PLT plug formation

Answer 10

Adhesion, Aggregation (collagen activates PLTs causing sticking), Release of granular contents

Question 11

Peripheral zone

Answer 11

PLT aggregation and adhesion

Question 12

Exterior glycocalyx

Answer 12

part of peripheral zone, binds vWF to GPlb, binds fibrinogen to GPllb/llla, binds ADP to thrombin (aggregation), factors I, V, VII on surface

Question 13

Plasma membrane

Answer 13

phospholipid bilayer, contain PF3 or PL (surface interaction of the plasma coag factors).

Question 14

Prostaglandin pathway

Answer 14

formation of TXA2 from arachidonic acid, stimulates release of plt contents, promotes aggregation and vasoconstriction. blocked by aspirin (inhibits cyclooxyrgenase)

Question 15

Sol gel zone

Answer 15

retraction/contraction of plt shape, contains actomyosin/thrombasthenin

Question 16

Organelle zone

Answer 16

storage and plt function release, alpha granules and dense bodies

Question 17

alpha granules

Answer 17

contains plt vWF, plt fibrinogen, plt Factor V, PF4 (anti-heparin), PDGF

Question 18

dense bodies

Answer 18

ADP, ATP, Calcium, serotonin

Question 19

Plt aggregation is irrversible when

Answer 19

ADP has been released

Question 20

vWF binds to —– on the plt

Answer 20

GPlb, required for adhesion to collagen

Question 21

Fibrinogen binds to —– on the plt

Answer 21

GPllb/llla, required for aggregation

Question 22

Plt function assay

Answer 22

in vitro test, measures PLT plug formation, prolonged by abnormal function or counts below 100,000/uL

Question 23

PFA is prolonged in

Answer 23

vonWillbrand’s, Bernard-Soulier, Glanzmann’s, Storage pool diseases, aspirin, thrombocytopenia,

Question 24

Clot retraction test

Answer 24

test measures the plts ability to reduce the size of a fibrin clot
Normal: fully retarcted at one hour

Question 25

Deffective clot retraction test

Answer 25

Glanzmann's thrombasthenia, thrombocytopenia, increased fibrinogen, decreased fibrinogen, increased/decreased RBCS

Question 26

Where are coagulation factors, and fibrinolytic proteins synthesized?

Answer 26

the liver

Question 27

XII

Answer 27

Hageman factor, serine protease, contact group, intrinsic pathway, autosomal recessive

Question 28

XI

Answer 28

Plasma Thromboplastin antecedent, serine protease, contact group, intrinsic pathway, autosomal recessive

Question 29

X

Answer 29

Stuart-Prower Factor, Serine protease, prothrombin group, common pathway, autosomal recessive,

Question 30

IX

Answer 30

Christmas Factor, Serine protease, prothrombin group, intrinsic pathway, x-linked recessive

Question 31

VIII

Answer 31

Anti-hemophilic factor, Cofactor, fibrinogen group, intrinsic pathway, x-linked recessive

Question 32

VII

Answer 32

Stable factor, serine protease, Prothrombin group, extrinsic pathway, autosomal recessive

Question 33

V

Answer 33

Labile factor, Cofactor, fibrinogen group, common pathway, autosomal recessive

Question 34

IV

Answer 34

calcium

Question 35

III

Answer 35

Tissue factor, found in most body tissues, extrinsic pathways

Question 36

II

Answer 36

Prothrombin, serine protease, prothrombin group, common pathway, autosomal recessive

Question 37

I

Answer 37

Fibrinogen, Substrate, Fibrinogen group, common pathways, autosomal recessive

Question 38

vonWillebrands factor

Answer 38

Ristocetin cofactor, from megakaryocytes and endothelial cells, primary hemostasis, VIII carrier protein, automsal dominant

Question 39

Prekallikrein

Answer 39

Fletcher factor, serine protease, intrinsic pathway, contact group, autosomal recessive

Question 40

HMWK

Answer 40

Fitzgerald factor, Cofactor, intrinsic pathway, contact group, autosomal recessive

Question 41

Which two factors are unstable?

Answer 41

VIII, V

Question 42

Which factors are apart of the contact group?

Answer 42

XII, XI, Prekallikrein, HMWK, require collagen to glass to activate,

Question 43

Which factors are apart of the prothrombin/vitamin K dependent group?

Answer 43

II, VII, IX, X require calcium and vitamin K, Oral coagulants such as Coumadin interfere with vitamin K synthesis

Question 44

Which factors are apart of the Fibrinogen group?

Answer 44

I, V, VIII, XIII, All are acted on by thrombin, All are consumed during the coagulation process

Question 45

XIII

Answer 45

Fibrin stabilizing factor, Transamidase (anchor), Fibrinogen group, autosomal recessive

Question 46

What is the phospholipid surface for the intrinsic pathway?

Answer 46

Platelets, PF3

Question 47

What is the phospholipid surface for the extrinsic pathway?

Answer 47

Tissue factor (Factor III)

Question 48

Which factors are cofactors?

Answer 48

VIII, V, HMWK, TF

Question 49

which factors are x-linked recessive?

Answer 49

VIII, IX

Question 50

Why do we need vWF?

Answer 50

Carries VIII, needed for plt adhesion (absence causes abnormal aggregation with ristocetin)

Question 51

Which factors are apart of the extrinsic pathway?

Answer 51

VII, TF (III)

Question 52

Which factors are apart of the intrinsic pathway?

Answer 52

XII, XI, IX, VIII, Prekallikrein, HMWK

Question 53

Which factors are apart of the common pathway?

Answer 53

X, V, I, II, XIII

Question 54

Which factor is autosomal dominant?

Answer 54

vWF

Question 55

The dominant in vivo coagulation pathway is

Answer 55

Extrinsic pathway, in vivo VIIa w/TF will activate X and IX