Coastal Hazards - Shorelines

Question 1

strip of land bordering the sea or ocean along a continent or an island

Answer 1

coast/shore

Question 2

marks the seaward limit of the landmass,
which is permanently exposed to wave action.

Answer 2

coastline/shoreline

Question 3

chief agents shaping coastlines

Answer 3

waves, currents, tides, and winds

Question 4

t or f: some coasts are straight while others are rugged

Answer 4

t

Question 5

t or f: some coasts contain marshes or coral reefs

Answer 5

t

Question 6

marks the boundary between the sea and land

Answer 6

shoreline

Question 7

zone affected by wave action

Answer 7

shore

Question 8

this part of the shore is nearest to the sea. It is under
water even at low tide.

Answer 8

offshore

Question 9

between the low tide breaker line and the low tide
shoreline

Answer 9

nearshore

Question 10

this refers to the zone between high tide and low
tide. It is under water during high tide. It is the surf zone.

Answer 10

foreshore

Question 11

this is also known as the surf zone

Answer 11

foreshore

Question 12

t or f: the foreshore is underwater during high tide

Answer 12

t

Question 13

it is the part of the shore between the high tide and
the highest water level, which can only be reached by
exceptional storm waves

Answer 13

backshore

Question 14

backshore’s sea bed is strewn with ______ and ________

Answer 14

shingle and pebbles

Question 15

draw the parts of a coastline

Question 16

are areas where tectonic forces deform
and uplift the land. They are
usually rugged and irregular,
with beaches sometimes being
restricted to coves and inlets

Answer 16

active shorelines

Question 17

beaches of active shorelines are sometimes being restricted to ________ and ______

Answer 17

coves and inlets

Question 18

examples of active shorelines

Answer 18

Pacific Coast of US
Eastern Coast of Philippines fronting the Ph trench

Question 19

are areas with little to no tectonic activity,
commonly resulting in a
relatively straight coastline with
flat lying terrain

Answer 19

passive shorelines

Question 20

examples of passive shoreline

Answer 20

U S Gulf
Atlantic Coasts

Question 21

are mass wasting hazards would be more prevalent along tectonically active or passive shorelines?

Answer 21

tectonically active shorelines

Question 22

_______ terrain of ________ is conducive to high density development

Answer 22

low-lying ; passive coastlines

Question 23

are the outer margins of the continents, where continental crust transitions to oceanic crust

Answer 23

continental margin

Question 24

continental margins can be classified as either:

Answer 24

active or passive

Question 25

are geologically inactive regions located some distance from plate boundaries

Answer 25

passive continental margins

Question 26

t or f: passive continental margins are relatively wide and have large quantities of sediments deposited

Answer 26

t

Question 27

passive continental margins comprises features such as:

Answer 27

continental shelf, slope, and rise

Question 28

this type of margin is located along convergent plate boundaries, where oceanic lithosphere is being subducted beneath the leading edge of a continent

Answer 28

active continental margin

Question 29

average slope of continental shelf

Answer 29

1/10th of 1 degree

Question 30

average slope of continental slope

Answer 30

approx. 5 degrees

Question 31

these develop along subduction zones where sediments from the ocean floor are scraped from the descending oceanic plate and pressed against the edge of the overriding plate

Answer 31

accretionary wedges

Question 32

occurs when sediment and rock scraped off the bottom of the overriding plate is carried into the mantle by the subducting plate

Answer 32

subduction erosion

Question 33

Another important process that affects the nature of shorelines is the relative movement of the shoreline either _________ or _______

Answer 33

seaward or landward

Question 34

Shorelines also shift in response to _____________ that occur when Earth’s global climate alternates between cool, glacial periods and warm periods called interglacials

Answer 34

worldwide changes in sea level

Question 35

a geological interval of warmer global average temperature lasting thousands of years that separates consecutive glacial periods within an ice age

Answer 35

interglacial period

Question 36

sea level today is rising at the rate of

Answer 36

0.6 feet (0.2m) per century

Question 37

sea level rise could change drastically should global warming destabilize ice sheets on _______ and ______

Answer 37

Greenland and Antartica