Coasts

Question 1

Make a table and arrange the following in:
Highland, Both, Lowland
Moor
Marsh
Fen
High precipitation
Mostly soft, sedimentary rocks
Flooding
Peat
Waterlogged
Mostly harder Igneous and metamorphic rock

Answer 1

Highland
Moor
High precipitation
Mostly harder Igneous and metamorphic rock
Both
Peat
Waterlogged
Lowland
Marsh
Fen
Mostly soft, sedimentary rocks
Flooding

Question 2

What is Peat?

Answer 2

Store of organic matter that hasn’t decomposed die to water-logging
Anaerobic conditions
Decomposes don’t break down

Question 3

What is wetter, east or west of England?

Answer 3

West

Question 4

What is the relationship between relief and rivers?

Answer 4

Rivers flow from Upland to Lowland due to gravity

Question 5

What is the relationship between geology and coasts?

Answer 5

Differential rates of erosion
Harder rock types (W/N)
Softer (S/E)
Different landforms as a result

Question 6

What is the word for: the movement of sediment along a coastline

Answer 6

Transportation

Question 7

What is the word for: the wearing away of material

Answer 7

Erosion

Question 8

What is the word for: the boundary between land and sea

Answer 8

Coast

Question 9

What is the word for: material is dropped off when energy is lost

Answer 9

Deposition

Question 10

What is the word for: made up of eroded material that has been deposited by the sea

Answer 10

Beach

Question 11

Put in order
Erosion
Deposition
Transportation
Weathering and mass movement

Answer 11

Mass movement and weathering
Erosion
Transportation
Deposition

Question 12

Constructive or destructive?
Strong swags and weak backwash

Answer 12

Constructive

Question 13

Constructive or destructive?
Builds up the beach

Answer 13

Constructive

Question 14

Constructive or destructive?
Erodes the beach

Answer 14

Destructive

Question 15

Constructive or destructive? Short wave height (amplitude) long wave length

Answer 15

Constructive

Question 16

Constructive or destructive? Weak swash, strong backwash

Answer 16

Destructive

Question 17

Constructive or destructive? Transport and deposit sediment on beach

Answer 17

Constructive

Question 18

Constructive or destructive? Gently waves

Answer 18

Constructive

Question 19

Constructive or destructive? High wave height, short wave length

Answer 19

Destructive

Question 20

Constructive or destructive? Removed sediment and destroys beach

Answer 20

Destructive

Question 21

Constructive or destructive? Formed by local storms to the coast

Answer 21

Destructive

Question 22

Constructive or destructive? Often in winter

Answer 22

Destructive

Question 23

Constructive or destructive? Often in summer

Answer 23

Constructive

Question 24

Compare the characteristics of constructive and destructive waves (4 marks)

Answer 24

K,K,K,K
2 similarities
Crest trough, swash backwash
2 differences

Question 25

Main 3 coastal processes are;

Answer 25

Erosion, transportation, deposition

Question 26

The distance a wave has traveled over is called a

Answer 26

Fetch

Question 27

Things that affect the strength of a wave are (3)

Answer 27

- fetch -how strong the prevailing wind it -wind duration

Question 28

A high energy wave is a

Answer 28

Destructive wave

Question 29

Highest point of a wave is

Answer 29

Crest

Question 30

Lowest point of a wave is

Answer 30

Trough

Question 31

What is erosion?

Answer 31

Removal of rock by wave action

Question 32

Make 4 types of erosion

Answer 32

Hydraulic action Abrasion Attrition Solution

Question 33

What happens in hydraulic action?

Answer 33

Power of waves hitting cliff Wave pounding “sheer force” Air is compressed And it expands and goes into cracks Breaking cliff apart

Question 34

What happens in abrasion?

Answer 34

‘Sandpaper effect’ Sediment hits cliff and wears it away

Question 35

What happens in attrition?

Answer 35

Sediment crash into each other Causing them to get smaller and rounder

Question 36

What happens in solution?

Answer 36

Dissolving alkali rocks are worn away by acidity of sea Eg chalk/limestone

Question 37

What are the four totes of transportation

Answer 37

Suspension Traction Saltation Solution

Question 38

What is Longshore Drift?

Answer 38

Longshore Drift is a process that transports sediment along a coastline

Question 39

Look at Longshore Drift diagram 30 Apr 2025