Coasts - Case Studies Flashcards
(2 cards)
Holderness Case Study?
- Eastern England, 61km between Spurn head/river Humber (4.8km Spit) and Flamborough head (headland) e.g. Selwicks bay
- Highest erosion rates in Europe 1.8m annually
- High fetch of waves from North Sea + SW wind
Coastal management:
- majority of coast is ‘no active intervention’ but 15% of coast protecting urban areas is ‘hold the line’:
- Mapleton received £3.5 million in 1991 to protect coast road with groynes, rock armour (60,000 tonnes from Norway), cliff seeding to bind the cliff + reduce slumping to protect the B1242
- Eastington Gas Terminal provides 1/3 UK gas - reventments
- Other towns along the coast (Bridlington, Hornsea) have also had hard engineering built
Sundarbans Case Study?
-Mangrove Forest in the Ganges-Brahmaputra River delta, covers 10,000km squared
- 4million people live there most in poverty (only 1/5 access to electricity - lack of prepardness) + densley populated
- situated at end of bottleneck from Bay of Bengal - cyclones
-High of 48 degrees C in monsoon season
-store of CO2, biodiversity, and barrier to flooding
Mitigation:
- 1970 multipurpose cyclone shelter have been repurposed for when there’s floods as they are elevated
- 3500km of enbankments of which 800 is exposed to erosion and decay
- Early 2010s SEEDs (NGO) began planting 75,000 mangrove saplings for natural defence.
Adaption:
-Saltwater rice varieties than can survive being submerged for 2 weeks
-70,000 fresh water tanks,
- strategic retreat is being challenged by locals.
Resilience (coping):
- NGO training is sustainable fishing
- electricity extended to more communities
- improving infrastructure
